Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes cognitive impairment (CI). In the preliminary study, Lactobacillus gasseri NK109 suppressed LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Therefore, the effect of NK109 on LPS-increased CI was investigated in mice. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS caused CI-like behaviors and neuroinflammation. However, orally administered NK109 reduced LPS-increased CI-like behaviors and hippocampal IL-1β and TNF-α expression, whereas LPS-decreased BDNF expression increased. NK109 also reduced LPS-increased colonic myeloperoxidase, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression. The efficacy of NK109 was increased by the combination of soybean embryo ethanol extract (SE). These findings suggest that NK109 with SE can improve CI by alleviating inflammation-mediated BDNF expression, thereby being beneficial for dementia therapy.

INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
    Materials
    Culture of NK109
    Culture of macrophages
    Animals
    Statistics
RESUTLS
    Effect of NK109 on the expression of proinflammatorycytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages
    Effect of NK109 on LPS-induced CI and colitis in mice
    The combined effects of NK109 with SE onLPS-induced CI and colitis in mice
DISCUSSION
Funding
Conflicts of Interest

• Soo-Won Yun(Department of Food and Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea)
• Myung Joo Han(Department of Food and Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea) Corresponding author
• Hee-Seo Park(Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea)
• Dong-Hyun Kim(Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea) Corresponding author