The invasive red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is native to southcentral United States and northeastern Mexico. Recently, it has been being spreading in the wild in South Korea. However, its primary sources, introduction routes, establishment, and expansion in South Korea remain unclear. Here, we analyzed genetic diversity and population genetic structures of its domestic natural populations during early invasion, commercial stock from local aquaria (a suspected introduction source), and original United States population using mitochondrial COI gene sequences for 267 individuals and eight microsatellite markers for 158 individuals. Natural and commercial populations of P. clarkii showed reduced genetic diversity (e.g., haplotype diversity and allelic richness). The highest genetic diversity was observed in one original source population based on both genetic markers. Despite a large number of individuals in commercial aquaria, we detected remarkably low genetic diversity and only three haplotypes among 226 individuals, suggesting an inbred population likely originating from a small founder group. Additionally, the low genetic diversity in the natural population indicates a small effective population size during early establishment of P. clarkii in South Korea. Interestingly, genetic differentiation between natural populations and the United States population was lower than that between natural populations and aquarium populations. This suggests that various genetic types from the United States likely have entered different domestic aquariums, leading to distinct natural populations through separate pathways. Results of our study will provide an insight on the level of genetic divergence and population differentiation during the initial stage of invasion of non-indigenous species into new environments.

1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
    2.1. 연구대상 지역 및 개체군
    2.2. Genomic DNA 추출 및 미토콘드리아COI 유전자 염기서열 분석
    2.3. 초위성체 (microsatellite) 마커 유전자 분석(genotyping)
    2.4. 미토콘드리아 유전자 및 초위성체 마커 기반유전자 다양성 및 집단유전학 분석
3. 결과 및 고찰
    3.1. 미토콘드리아 COI 유전자 다양성 및 단상형네트워크 (haplotype network) 분석
    3.2. 초위성체 마커 기반 유전자 다양성 및집단유전학 구조 분석
적 요
사 사

• 강지현(고려대학교 생명과학대학 한국곤충연구소) | Ji Hyoun Kang (Korean Entomological Institute, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)
• 황정미(고려대학교 생명과학대학 한국곤충연구소) | Jeong Mi Hwang (Korean Entomological Institute, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)
• 권순직((주)애일) | Soon-Jik Kwon (AEIL Inc., Bucheon 14676, Republic of Korea)
• 백민정(국립생물자원관) | Min Jeong Baek (National Insititue of Biological Resources, Incheon 22688, Republic of Korea)
• 박선재(국립생물자원관) | Sun-Jae Park (National Insititue of Biological Resources, Incheon 22688, Republic of Korea)
• 임창섭(고려대학교 생명과학대학 한 국곤충연구소, 고려대학교 오정리질리언스연구원) | Changseob Lim (Korean Entomological Institute, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea, Ojeong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)
• 배연재(고려대학교 생명과학대학 한 국곤충연구소, 고려대학교 생명과학대학 환경생태공학부) | Yeon Jae Bae (Korean Entomological Institute, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea, Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author