This study aimed to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (solid-SNEDDS) to enhance the formulation of ketoconazole (KTZ), a BCS Class II drug with poor solubility. Ketoconazole, which is insoluble above pH 3, requires solubilization for effective delivery. This SNEDDS comprises oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, which spontaneously emulsify in the gastrointestinal tract environment to form nanoemulsions with droplet sizes less than 100 nm. The optimal SNE-vehicle composition of oleic acid, TPGS, and PEG 400 at a 10:80:10 weight ratio was determined based on the smallest droplet size achieved. This composition was used to prepare liquid SNEDDS containing ketoconazole. The droplet size and polydispersity index (PDI) of the resulting liquid SNEDDS were analyzed. Subsequently, solid-SNEDDS was fabricated using a spray-drying method with solidifying carriers such as silicon dioxide, crospovidone, and magnesium alumetasilicate. The physicochemical properties of the solid-SNEDDS were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, and its solubility, droplet size, and PDI were evaluated. In particular, the solid-SNEDDS containing ketoconazole and crospovidone in a 2:1 weight ratio exhibited significantly enhanced solubility, highlighting its potential for improved medication adherence and dissolution rates.

1. Introduction
2. Experimental
    2.1 시약 및 기기
    2.2 케토코나졸을 함유한 SNEDDS제조 및 평가
    2.3 케토코나졸을 함유한 고형 SNEDDS제조 및 평가
3. Results and Discussion
    3.1 케토코나졸을 함유한 SNEDDS제조 및 평가
    3.2 케토코나졸 고형 SNEDDS의 제조 및 물리화학적특성 평가
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgements

• 송다영(경상국립대학교 제약공학과) | Da Young Song (Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea)
• 김경수(경상국립대학교 제약공학과) | Kyeong Soo Kim (Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author