Organisms constituting a large proportion of marine ecosystems, ranging from bacteria to fish, exhibit fluorescence and bioluminescence. A variety of marine organisms utilize these biochemically generated light sources for feeding, reproduction, communication, and defense. Since the discovery of green fluorescent protein and the luciferin-luciferase system more than a century ago, numerous studies have been conducted to characterize their function and regulatory mechanism. The unique properties of fluorescent and bioluminescent proteins offer great potential for their use in a broad range of applications. This short review briefly describes the functions and characteristics of fluorescent and bioluminescent proteins, in addition to summarizing the recent status of their applications.

Introduction
Roles of fluorescent proteins in nature
Characteristics of bioluminescent proteins
Collaborations between fluorescent andbioluminescent proteins
Applications
Conclusions and Future perspectives

• Sehyeok Im(Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea, Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea)
• Jisub Hwang(Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea, Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea)
• Hackwon Do(Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea, Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea)
• Bo-Mi Kim(Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea)
• Sung Gu Lee(Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea, Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea) Corresponding author
• Sung Gu Lee(Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea, Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea) Corresponding author