To increase industrial applicability of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) as immunostimulating materials, hot-water extract (AME) was prepared from AM and fermented with Kimchi-lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus sakei & Leuconostoc mesenteroides) to prepare fermented AM-postbiotics (FAME). Although FAME prepared from AM-postbiotics did not show a significant enhancement in macrophage stimulating activity compared to non-fermented AME, crude polysaccharide (FAME-CP) fractionated by EtOH precipitation from FAME showed significantly higher macrophage stimulating activity than AME-CP. Compared to AME-CP, FAME-CP showed dramatic changes in component sugar and molecular weight distribution. FAME-CP was a polysaccharide with a major molecular weight distribution of 113.4 kDa containing Man (44.2%), Glc (19.3%), Gal (10.2%), GalA (10.2%), and Ara (7.4%) as sugar components. FAME-CP with enhanced macrophage stimulatory activity not only increased expression levels of mRNA genes encoding macrophage-activated factors (iNOS, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, and COX-2), but also led the nuclear translocation of activated p65 and c-Jun. In conclusion, crude polysaccharide from AM-postbiotics fermented with lactic acid bacteria could increase industrial applicability as a functional material with enhanced immunostimulating activity than AME-CP.

서 론
재료 및 방법
    1. 황기 열수추출물과 황기-포스트바이오틱스 조제 및 조다당 획분의 분획
    2. 세포주 배양 조건 및 대식세포 자극활성
    3. 구성분 및 구성당 분석
    4. 분자량 분포
    5. qRT-PCR을 이용한 대식세포 활성 인자의 mRNA 유전자 발현량 분석
    6. 면역 형광법을 이용한 대식세포 활성화 관련 전사인자의 관찰
    7. 통계처리
결과 및 고찰
    1. 황기-포스트바이오틱스의 대식세포 자극 활성 비교평가
    2. 황기-포스트바이오틱스 조다당 획분의 대식세포 자극활성 비교평가
    3. 황기-포스트바이오틱스 조다당 획분의 구성분 및 구성당 분석
    4. 황기-포스트바이오틱스 조다당 획분의 분자량 분포
    5. 황기-포스트바이오틱스 조다당 획분에 의한 대식세포활성화 인자의 유전자 발현량 분석
    6. 황기-포스트바이오틱스 조다당 획분에 의한 p65 및cJun의 핵 내로의 전이
요약 및 결론
감사의 글
References

• 김연숙(한국교통대학교 식품영양학전공 대학원생) | Yeon Suk Kim (Graduate School Student, Major in Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea)
• 신현영(고려대학교 대학원 의생명융합과학과 러닝헬스시스템 융합전공 대학원생) | Hyun Young Shin (Graduate School Student, Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System, Dept. of Integrated Biomedical & Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea)
• 정원비(한국교통대학교 식품영양학전공 학부생) | Won Bi Jeong (Undergraduate Student, Major in Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea)
• 하은지(한국교통대학교 식품영양학전공 학부생) | Eun Ji Ha (Undergraduate Student, Major in Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea)
• 구자평(한국교통대학교 식품영양학전공 학부생) | Ja Pyeong Koo (Undergraduate Student, Major in Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea)
• 신지영((주)코시스바이오 연구소장) | Ji-Young Shin (R&D Director, Cosis-Bio Co., Ltd., Jincheon 27867, Korea)
• 유광원(한국교통대학교 식품영양학전공 교수) | Kwang-Won Yu (Professor, Major in Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea) Corresponding author