In recent years, with the rapid development of risk management, an emerging management discipline, it is natural to go into the teaching field. In the teaching of martial arts courses in higher physical education colleges in China, due to the nature and characteristics of the martial arts courses, the inevitable existence of risk factors in the martial arts teaching process is determined. Using expert interview methods, questionnaire survey methods, literature data methods, field trips and other research methods, explore the potential risks of teachers in higher vocational colleges in the teaching of martial arts courses, and evaluate the risks and potential risks in teachers’ teaching activities. Put forward measures for the prevention of physical education risks. In the teaching of martial arts in higher physical education colleges, the occurrence of teaching safety accidents is mainly caused by four factors: teacher factors, student factors, environmental factors and school management factors. The occurrence of teaching accidents has never been determined by a single factor, so teachers, students and the relevant departments of the school should be strengthened. Finally, the paper puts forward that the measures for the prevention of martial arts teaching risk in higher physical education colleges include: scientifically and rationally arranging preparation activities, establishing student health records, strengthening the teaching management of martial arts courses, strengthening the safety knowledge education of teachers and students, and establishing a linkage mechanism for school teaching risk prevention. And establish measures such as diversified insurance mechanisms.