The separation of zirconium and hafnium using tributyl phosphate (TBP)-Dodecane extractants in nitric acid medium was performed. Zirconium oxychloride, used as extraction feed, was obtained from the synthesis of Kalimantan zircon sand concentrate smelted using NaOH. The extraction process was carried out by dissolving chloride-based metals in nitric acid media in the presence of sodium nitrate using TBP-Dodecane as an extractant. Some of the extraction parameters carried out in this study include variations in organic phase and aqueous phase (O/A), variations in contact time, and variations in nitric acid concentration. Extraction was carried out using a mechanical shaker according to the parameter conditions. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used for elemental (Zr and Hf) composition analysis of the aqueous solution. The results showed that zirconium was separated from hafnium at optimum conditions with an organic/aqueous ratio of 1:5, contact time of 75 min, and an HNO3 concentration of 7 M. The resulting separation factor of zirconium and hafnium using TBP-Dodecane was 14.4887.

1. Introduction
2. Result and Discussion
    2.1. Materials
    2.2. Synthesis and characterization of zirconyl oxychloride(ZOC)
    2.3. Preparation of zirconyl nitrate (Zr(NO3)4 feedsolution
    2.4. Extraction of Zr and Hf
3. Result and Discussion
    3.1. Analysis and characterization of zirconiumoxychloride (ZOC)
    3.2. Extraction and separation of Zr and Hf
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Author Information

• Karna Wijaya(Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia) Corresponding author
• Won-Chun Oh(Department of Advanced Materials and Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan 31962, Republic of Korea)
• Herry Poernomo(Research Center of Mining Technology, Research Organization of Nanotechnology and Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Lampung 35361, Indonesia)
• Ariyani Kusuma Dewi(Department of Nuclear Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic of Institute Nuclear Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)
• Kharistya Rozana(Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facilities, and Science and Technology Park, National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)