Bacteria get stressed and damaged during freeze-drying process for commercialization and this result in loss of its effect. Viability is important for its efficacy, but this drying process can deteriorate viability by damaging the integrity of the cell membrane as well. In this study, we propose 0.03 M histidine for rehydration of freeze-dried probiotics to improve their viability. The freeze-dried bacteria mixture with 0.03 M histidine showed augmented survivability during in vitro simulated gastric and duodenum stress conditions and increased viability during 60 min rehydration. It exhibited a significantly increased adherence ability of lyophilized bacteria to the HT-29 cell-line. Therefore, this shows possibility of probiotics commercialization with damage of lyophilization restored and survivability ameliorated.

Introduction
Materials and Methods
    Bacterial strains and culture conditions
    Zeta-potential screening
    Simulated stomach duodenum passage (SSDP) assay
    Measurement of cell viability by rehydration time
    HT-29 cell adhesion assay
    Statistical analyses
Results
    Screening for potent rehydration ingredients using zeta-potential as a parameter
    SSDP (Simulated stomach-duodenum passage) assay
    Cell viability with different rehydration time
    Human intestinal epithelial cell adhesion assay
Discussion
References

• Kyuyeon Lee(HEM Pharma Inc., 404, Ace Gwanggyo Tower 3, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea)
• Nayeon Kim(HEM Pharma Inc., 404, Ace Gwanggyo Tower 3, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea)
• Bobae Kim(HEM Pharma Inc., Business Incubator Center 204, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea)
• Hyeshin Kim(HEM Pharma Inc., Business Incubator Center 204, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea)
• Kyoungjun Han(COSMAX NBT Inc., 504, Pangyo Inno Valley E, 255, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea)
• Jieun Yeu(COSMAX NBT Inc., 504, Pangyo Inno Valley E, 255, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea)
• Wilhelm H. Holzapfel(HEM Pharma Inc., 404, Ace Gwanggyo Tower 3, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea, HEM Pharma Inc., Business Incubator Center 204, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author
• Hyeji Kang(HEM Pharma Inc., 404, Ace Gwanggyo Tower 3, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea, HEM Pharma Inc., Business Incubator Center 204, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author