In a previous study, we fractionated crude polysaccharide (AME-CP) with macrophage-stimulating activity from a hot-water extract (AME) of Astragalus membranaceus. AME-CP contained glucose (Glc) as a main component sugar, suggesting that it might be rich in starch-like compounds (SLC). To enhance the immunostimulating activity of AME-CP by pruning SLC rarely known to contribute to activity, hydrolysate (AME-SH) was prepared by digesting with starch-related enzymes, including α-amylase and amyloglucosidase. AME-SH was found to contain substances with molecular weights ranging from 3.9 to 84.4 kDa. These substances were primarily composed of galactose, galacturonic acid, Glc, arabinose, rhamnose, and mannose. AME-SH significantly enhanced the production of macrophage-stimulating factors, including nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12, in RAW 264.7 cells compared to AME-CP. Treatment of splenocytes isolated from C3H/HeN mice with AME-SH not only promoted IL-6 secretion, but also induced mitogenic activity. In addition, AME-SH promoted the secretion of hematopoietic growth factors including IL-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in Peyer's patch (PP) cells and stimulated bone marrow cell proliferation through these PP cells. In conclusion, hydrolysate (AME-SH) digested from AME-CP with starch-related enzymes could be used as a potential immunostimulant.

Abstract
서 론
재료 및 방법
    1. 황기 효소 가수분해물의 제조
    2. 분자량 분포
    3. 구성분 및 구성당 분포
    4. 마우스 유래 대식세포 자극 활성
    5. 실험동물
    6. 비장세포에서의 마이토젠 및 사이토카인 생성능
    7. Peyer’s patch 경유 사이토카인 생성 및 골수세포 증식
    8. 통계처리
결과 및 고찰
    1. 황기 효소 가수분해물의 분자량 분포
    2. 황기 효소 가수분해물의 구성분 및 구성당 분포
    3. 황기 효소 가수분해물의 증진된 대식세포 자극 활성
    4. 황기효소가수분해물의마이토젠및사이토카인생성능
    5. 황기 효소 가수분해물의 Peyer's patch 경유 사이토카인 생성 및 골수세포 증식
요약 및 결론
감사의 글
References

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• 유광원(국립한국교통대학교 식품영양학전공 교수) | Kwang-Won Yu (Professor, Major in Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea) Corresponding author