Parallel importation of patented products, “first sale doctrine,” is an effective and efficient way of handling the importation of patent-protected goods. The national exhaustion idea is being used in Pakistan regarding patent exhaustion. Market competition and lower pricing phenomena are affected by this strategy. Case studies from the European Union (EU), the United States (US) and China are used to show how businesses can protect consumers’ rights by parallel imports. The US and China follow international exhaustion whereas the EU follows the regional exhaustion principle, which is comparable with Pakistan concerning the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). By finding lower-priced products, promoting international economic integration and regional collaboration with SCO, Pakistan can avail better investment opportunities. Case studies show result-oriented efforts regarding the implementation of the international parallel exhaustion strategy. Study recommends raising awareness and enhancing legal clarity, IP protection, and stakeholder input to ensure compliance with an international exhaustion system.

I. Introduction
II. Pakistan’s Patent Exhaustion Regime and the Challenges
    A. Law Governing Patent Exhaustion
    B. Pakistan’s Principle of Exhaustion
    C. Global and Regional Context
    D. Challenges with the Current System
III. Developed Nations and Parallel Importing: LegalStrategies
    A. The US’s Approach
    B. The EU Approach
    C. Learning Experiences from the US and the EU
    D. China’s Approach
IV. Pakistan and the Role of SCO
    A. SCO’s Economic and Legal Impact
    B. Effect of SCO on Pakistan’s Exhaustion Principle
    C. Future Expectations
V. Recommendations for Pakistan’s Patent Exhaustion
    A. Amendments to Laws
    B. Boost Legal Explicitness and Confidence
    C. IP Protection System
    D. Consistency with SCO Member States
    E. Stakeholder Input
    F. Awareness-raising Campaigns
VI. Conclusion

• Muhammad Salman Shafiq(S.J.D. candidate at Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. LL.M. (U. Mgmt. & Tech., Lahore, Pak.))