With the continuing advances in technology, electrical energy storage has become increasingly important. Among storage devices supercapacitors’ distinct qualities, such as a long lifespan, quick charge/discharge speeds, and high-power density, make them viable substitutes for traditional batteries. In this study a simple hydrothermal method was used to synthesize a h-MoO3/graphene oxide (GO) composite for such applications. The crystal structure, morphology, and chemical bonding were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Raman spectroscopy. XRD confirmed the hexagonal crystal structure, and no changes were observed after GO incorporation. The FESEM images revealed that the nanosheets of GO and hexagonal rods MoO3 were well coupled with the GO sheets. The electrochemical properties of the pure h-MoO3 and h-MoO3/GO composites were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The nanocomposite electrode demonstrated a specific capacitance of 134 Fg-1 at a current density of 3 mA/cm-2, an energy density of 26.8 Wh/kg-1, and power density of 560 W/kg-1 in an aqueous acidic electrolyte 1 M H2SO4, which is notably higher than that of pure MoO3. This indicates the promising electrochemical performance of MoO3/GO composite for supercapacitor applications. The enhanced capacitive performance may have resulted from the decrease in the charge transfer resistance (Rct), calculated from the Nyquist plot. Furthermore, the composite material exhibited stability and a capacitive retention of 76 % after 1,000 cycles. This confirms the benefits of incorporating GO to enhance material retention for better long-term results. The results of this study demonstrate its potential to advance energy storage technology. Maintaining the hexagonal crystal structure of h-MoO3 while incorporating GO improves the composite’s structural stability, an important factor for reliable long-term use. Moreover, the observed reduction in crystallite size due to the presence of GO suggests improved electrochemical performance.

Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Experimental Procedure
    2.1. Materials and method
    2.2. GO preparation
    2.3. Preparation of the h-MoO3/GO composite
    2.4. Characterizations
3. Results and Discussion
    3.1. Synthesis mechanism
    3.2. Physicochemical characterizations
    3.3. Electrochemical analysis
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References

• Aditi Avinash Kumbhar(Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea)
• Shital Sadashiv Bachankar(Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea)
• Shoupik Balu Mullani(Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea)
• Vaibhav Chandrakant Lokhande(Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2308, Australia)
• Chihoon Kim(Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea)
• Taeksoo Ji(Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author