The balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum [Jacq.] A. DC.), and lance asiabell (Codonopsis lanceolata) are medicinal crops primarily cultivated in Korea, China, and Japan. The light quality regulates photomorphogenesis of crops. The response to light quality varies in different crops; therefore, optimizing the light quality in a closed-type plant production system (CPPS) is important. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to optimize light quality for growing balloon flower and lance asiabell seedlings in a CPPS application. We evaluated the effects of red, green, blue, red-green (RG), green-blue (GB), red-blue (RB), red-green-blue (RGB), and white lights, under the controlled environmental conditions maintaining temperature of 25 ± 0.6°C, relative humidity of 55 ± 4.7%, photoperiods of 16/8 h (light/dark), and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 110±5 μmol·m-2·s-1. RGB light induced vigorous shoot and root growth in balloon flower seedlings, with short plant height and internode length. In GB and RGB lights, lance asiabell seedlings exhibited improved shoot and root growth, with shorter plant height and internode length, than the other lights. Leaf area estimation using multispectral imaging revealed a higher coefficient of determination for balloon flower. The results of this study can be considered basic data for selecting the light quality suitable for cultivating balloon flowers and lance asiabells in a CPPS.

도라지(Platycodon grandiflorum [Jacq.] A. DC.)와 더덕(Codonopsis lanceolata)은 한국, 중국, 일본에서 주로 재배되는 약용작물이다. 광질은 작물의 광형태형성을 조절하며, 그 반응은 작물의 종류에 따라 다르다. 따라 서 밀폐형 식물생산시스템(CPPS)에서 작물에 적합한 광질을 최적화하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 도라지와 더덕묘를 CPPS 조건에서 재배할 때 적합한 광질을 최적화하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 이를 위해 red, green, blue, red-green (RG), green-blue (GB), red-blue (RB), red-green-blue (RGB) 그리고 white lights를 이용하여 광질의 영 향을 평가하였다. 환경은 온도 25±0.6℃, 상대습도 55±4.7%, 광주기 16/8시간(명/암), 광합성유효광양자속밀도 (PPFD) 110±5μmol·m-2·s-1로 제어하였다. 도라지묘는 RGB 광 처리 시 초장과 엽간장는 짧지만 지상부 및 뿌리 생장이 왕성하였다. 더덕묘는 GB 및 RGB 광 처리 시 다른 광질보다 짧은 초장과 절간장을 유지하면서도 지상부 및 뿌리 생장이 개선되었다. 다분광영상(multi-spectral imaging)을 활용한 엽면적 분석에서는 도라지에서 결정계수 (R²)가 더 높게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 CPPS에서 도라지와 더덕 재배에 적합한 광질을 선정하는 데 있어 기초자 료로 활용될 수 있다.

Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
    1. Plant materials and growth conditions
    2. Light quality treatments
    3. Growth characteristics
    4. Predicting leaf area
    5. Statistical analysis
Results and Discussion
    1. Growth characteristics
    2. Plant height, internode length, and compactness
    3. Root characteristics
    4. Predicted leaf area by multispectral camera
Conclusion
Acknowledgement
Literature Cited
적 요

• Jeong Hun Hwang(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, Researcher, Breeding Research institute, Spring Seed, Seongju 40039, Korea) | 황정훈 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생, 춘종묘 육종연구소 연구원)
• Eun Won Park(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, Researcher, Medicinal Resources Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Hamyang 50005, Korea) | 박은원 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생, 경상남도농업기술원 약용자원연구소 연구원)
• Jeong Kil Koo(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea) | 구정길 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생)
• Ji Hye Yun(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea) | 윤지혜 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생)
• So Yeong Hwang(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea) | 황소영 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생)
• Hyeong Eun Choi(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea) | 최형은 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생)
• Jin Yu(Graduate Student, Division of Applied Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, Master Degree Researcher, Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea) | 유진 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부 대학원생, 농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 채소기초기반과 석사후전문연구원)
• Hee Sung Hwang(Graduate Student, Division of Crop Science, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea 3Researcher, Breeding Research institute, Spring Seed, Seongju 40039, Korea, Researcher, Protected Horticulture Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Haman 52054, Korea) | 황희성 (경상국립대학교 대학원 작물생산과학부 대학원생, 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소 연구원)
• Young Ho Yoon(Researcher, Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Eumseong 27709, Korea) | 윤영호 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작과학부 연구원)
• Kyung Sook Han(Researcher, Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Eumseong 27709, Korea) | 한경숙 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작과학부 연구원)
• Eun Song Lee(Researcher, Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Eumseong 27709, Korea) | 이은송 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작과학부 연구원)
• Seung Jae Hwang(Professor, Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, Professor, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea, Professor, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea) | 황승재 (경상국립대학교 원예과학부 교수, 경상국립대학교 생명과학연구원 교수, 경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원 교수) Corresponding author