The increasing global economic, social, and political interdependence has led to expanding trade in goods and services. The WTO facilitates international trade by providing a nondiscriminatory trading environment to all member states. Afghanistan started the WTO accession in 2009 and joined as the 164th member on December 18, 2015. This piece examines the legal implications of the WTO membership on Afghanistan’s trade and economy. While membership will expand trade, attract foreign investment, and increase Afghanistan’s market share worldwide, it also means harmonizing domestic regulations with the WTO standards. In addition, lower tariffs on imported goods threaten local industries, leading to job losses, industrial shrinkage, and reduced government income. The study’s findings show that, despite short-term vulnerability, joining the WTO has long-term benefits such as economic growth, increased investment, reduced cost of living, and fairer trade structure.

1. Introduction
2. Accession Conditions to the WTO
3. The Accession of Afghanistan to the WTO
4. Why did Afghanistan join the WTO?
5. The WTO and Afghanistan’s Benefits
6. The WTO and Its Detrimental Effects on Afghanistan
7. The Need for Economic and Legal Foundations
    A. Adaptation of National Laws to the WTO Rules
8. Conclusion

• Aburaghab Amani(Professor of International Trade Law at Ghalib University-Kabul, Afghanistan. B.A. (Takhar U.-Afg.), LL.M. (Islamic Azad U.-Iran)) Corresponding author
• Muhammad Ishaq Noori(Lecturer at the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Ghalib University-Kabul, Afghanistan. B.A./M.A. in Islamic Studies and Arabic Language (Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pak.), Specialization in Hanafi Jurisprudence (Jamia Al-Khulafa Al-Rashideen, Pak.), MPhil./Ph.D. (Islamia College U.- Pak.))