Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) is an annual forage crop widely cultivated across the globe for its excellent nutritional value and high productivity. Despite its importance, studies on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in its morphogenesis remain limited. In this study, we employed a high-yielding mutant line developed through radiation mutagenesis to identify candidate genes associated with morphogenesis, focusing on Expansins (EXPs), GRFs (Growth regulating factors), GIFs (GRF-interacting factors), and growth hormone-related genes. RT-qPCR primers were designed, and differential gene expression analysis was performed. Gene expression was assessed in the leaves of seedlings at one to three weeks of age, comparing the control cultivar 'Kowinearly' with the mutant line. Expression patterns fell into four distinct categories: (1) genes consistently exhibiting lower expression in the mutant line across all developmental stages; (2) genes showing persistently low expression in the mutant, while the control displayed a sharp increase at early stages followed by a decline; (3) genes with low expression in the control but a marked early-stage increase in the mutant; and (4) genes with decreasing expression over time in the mutant, contrasting with gradually increasing expression in the control. These expression profiles highlight Actin and GRF6 as Group 1 genes, AXR1 (Auxin-resistant protein 1) and EXPB6 (c) as Group 2 genes, PEVMPP1 (Pyrophosphate-energized vacuolar membrane proton pump 1) as a Group 3 gene, and EF1A (Elongation factor 1-alpha) as a Group 4 gene, all of which are key candidate genes for the development of high-yielding Italian ryegrass cultivars.

ABSTRACT
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법
    1. 방사선 조사를 통한 돌연변이체 유도
    2. 식물재료 및 RNA 추출
    3. cDNA 라이브러리 구축 및 RNAseq 분석
    4. Short read 전처리 및 Assembly
    5. Annotation 및 read mapping
    6. 형태 형성 관련 유전자 primer 설계 및 qPCR 유전자 발현분석
    7. 통계분석
Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰
    1. 방사선 조사처리 돌연변이체 표현형 특성 비교
    2. RNAseq data 분석 및 assembly
    3. 발아 후 1-3주차 품종별 유전자 발현 분석
Ⅳ. 결론
Ⅴ. 사사
Ⅵ. REFERENCES

• 민창우(국립축산과학원 조사료생산시스템과) | Chang-Woo Min (Forages Production Systems Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea)
• 송요욱(국립축산과학원 조사료생산시스템과) | Yowook Song (Forages Production Systems Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea)
• 우제훈(국립축산과학원 조사료생산시스템과) | Jae Hoon Woo (Forages Production Systems Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea)
• 최보람(국립축산과학원 조사료생산시스템과) | Bo Ram Choi (Forages Production Systems Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea)
• 이상훈(국립축산과학원 조사료생산시스템과) | Sang-Hoon Lee (Forages Production Systems Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea)
• 이기원(국립축산과학원 조사료생산시스템과) | Ki-Won Lee (Forages Production Systems Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author