Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) robots are essential for safeguarding operators and reducing risks in high-threat environments. This study reviews international cases and current technologies to identify limitations and propose improvement strategies. Mission success depends on four core domains: mobility, power, manipulator precision, and communication. Current tracked and wheeled platforms lack self-righting, leading to research on flippers, wheel–leg hybrids, and quadrupedal locomotion. Battery reliance remains critical; short-term solutions include intelligent Battery Management Systems (BMS) and battery-exchange robots, while long-term progress requires high-density energy sources. Manipulator performance is hindered by inertia and backlash, but precision actuators, soft grippers, and sensor fusion with AI can enhance dexterity. Communication faces losses and jamming, requiring multilayered resilience with Software-Defined Radio (SDR), cognitive radio, relay nodes, and hybrid links. By mapping improvements to Technology Readiness Levels (TRL), this study suggests a phased roadmap where mature technologies address immediate needs, while AI-driven autonomy and secure networks define long-term advances.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. EOD 로봇 특성에 따른 기술현황
    2.1 이동 방식에 따른 분류
    2.2 로봇 팔(Manipulator) 자유도에 따른 분류
    2.3 제어 방식에 따른 분류
    2.4 크기에 따른 분류
3. 각국 EOD 로봇 개발 현황
    3.1 미 국
    3.2 영 국
    3.3 이스라엘
    3.4 프랑스
4. EOD 로봇 개발 문제점 및 개선방향
    4.1 기동능력
    4.2 임무 지속 시간
    4.3 통신 제어
    4.4 상황 제어
    4.5 매 니퓰레이터(로봇팔)
5. 결 론
References

• 하정욱(Defence Agency for Technology and Quality) | Jung-uk Ha Corresponding author
• 김재현(Defense Agency for Technology and Quality) | Jaehyun-Kim