This study experimentally evaluated the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams incorporating a high-performance cementitious composite (VC) with 1.0 vol.% Vectran fibers. Three-point bending tests were conducted on a reference high-strength concrete beam (RCB) and two VC beams (VCB-1, VCB-2). Compared with RCB, the maximum load increased by +19.8% (VCB-1) and +9.0% (VCB-2), while the yield load rose by +18.9% and +16.0%, respectively. The ductility index (Δu/Δy) improved from 1.89 (RCB) to 5.22 (VCB-1), confirming the crack control effect based on multiple micro-cracking. The improved performance indicates not only enhanced flexural capacity and ductility but also suggests the potential for carbon-neutral structural design through material reduction and service-life extension enabled by the Vectran fiber-reinforced composite system.