Marine debris has become a serious global environmental and economic concern with abandoned fishing gear identified as one of the primary drivers threatening marine ecosystems. In South Korea, a substantial amount of fishing gear continues to enter the ocean annually; however, the current land-based disposal system faces inherent limitations including high transportation costs and low recycling efficiency. To address these challenges, this study evaluated the feasibility of repurposing decommissioned fishing vessels as marine pre-treatment platforms to collect and process abandoned fishing gear at sea. Results indicate that marine pre-treatment vessels can reduce the volume of discarded fishing gear, thereby cutting transport and disposal costs. Refitting decommissioned vessels is more cost-effective than new construction and increases their recycling value. This research provides a policy and technical foundation to improve the marine debris management system by assessing the economic and environmental benefits of deploying marine pre-treatment vessels.