Integrated crop–livestock farming systems improve the self-sufficient feed ratio, and provide environmental benefits for agro-ecosystems. This study was conducted to evaluate the crop-livestock recycling indicators of Korean Hanwoo farms. 55 Korean beef farms were classified into five types. Organic Hanwoo farms were insufficient the area of forage crop cultivation required for Hanwoo certification in Korea, with forage crop sufficiency index of 49.6%. The forage self sufficiency index of grazing eco-farms was 108.5%, and self-certified (PGS) and conventional livestock farms was only 24.5 and 25.6%, respectively. The forage self sufficiency index was 60.4, 52.9, and 111.9% for Hanwoo + grassland crop, Hanwoo + forage crop + rice, and Hanwoo + grassland combined farms, respectively. Livestock density was 10.3 LSU (livestock units)/ha for organic Korean cattle farms, which was lower than 25.6 LSU/ha for conventional farms. In addition, the livestock density of grassland eco-farms was the lowest at 3.4 LSU/ha. Livestock density was 12.2 LSU/ha in the southern region, which was lower than in the central-northern region. In conclusion, forage crop sufficiency and livestock density are considered valid indicators for assessing the level of crop-livestock integrated agriculture.

ABSTRACT
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법
    1. 경축순환 유형 분류 기준 설정
    2. 조사 항목 및 방법
    3. 통계
Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰
    1. 한우 농가의 농경지 확보 면적에 따른 경축순환농업 지표비교
    2. 한우 인증 유형에 따른 경축순환농업 지표
    3. 한우 사육지역 유형에 따른 경축순환농업 지표
    4. 한우-경종 혼합농업 유형에 따른 경축순환농업 지표
Ⅳ. 요약
Ⅴ. 사사
Ⅵ. REFERENCES

• 임진수(상지대학교) | Jin-Soo Lim (Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea)
• 최덕천(상지대학교) | Deog-Cheon Choi (Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea)
• 류종원(상지대학교) | Jong-Won Ryoo (Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea) Corresponding author