Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heat, cold, and fluctuating light intensity, posing significant challenges to ornamental plant growth, market quality, and postharvest performance. Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a key gaseous signaling molecule involved in plant adaptive responses to such stress conditions. Although extensive research in model plants, particularly Arabidopsis thaliana, has elucidated NO biosynthesis pathways, redox signaling networks, hormone crosstalk, and S-nitrosylation-based regulation, comparable mechanistic studies in ornamental species remain limited. Existing evidence from Rosa, Tagetes, Gazania, Gerbera, Lilium, Chrysanthemum, Petunia, Zinnia, and other floricultural crops suggests that NO enhances stress resilience by regulating antioxidant activity, maintaining photosynthetic efficiency, stabilizing cellular membranes, modulating stomatal behavior, and extending vase life through delayed senescence. This review synthesizes the current state of knowledge on NO-mediated abiotic stress tolerance in ornamental plants within the context of climate change impacts and compares these findings with well-characterized NO functions in model systems. By identifying parallel mechanisms, knowledge gaps, and translational opportunities, we highlight experimental directions that may accelerate the application of NO-based approaches in floriculture. Finally, the review discusses practical implications, including the use of exogenous NO donors, priming strategies, and advanced delivery systems,

Introduction
Climate Change–Related Abiotic StressChallenges in Ornamental Plants
NO as a Stress Regulator:Key Mechanisms (Evidence from ModelPlants)
    NO biosynthesis pathways
    Crosstalk with Hormonal Signaling
    Regulation of ROS–NO Balance
    Post-Translational Modifications
    Regulation of Stress-Responsive Genes andTranscription Factors (TFs)
    Translational Relevance for Ornamentals
Evidence of NO-Mediated StressTolerance in Ornamental Plants
    Drought Stress
    Salinity Stress
    Heat Stress
    Cold Stress
    Postharvest Senescence
Translational Lessons from ModelPlants to Ornamentals
Practical Applications and FuturePotential
Conclusion
References

• Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azzawi(Department of Horticulture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea)
• Murtaza Khan(Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea)
• Sajad Ali(Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Asha, 31982, Saudi Arabia) Corresponding author