This study investigates the Dunhuang medallion patterns of the Tang Dynasty as its primary focus, conducting a systematic analysis of their morphological structures and color characteristics across four distinct historical phases, from the Early to the Late Tang periods. It also elucidates the evolution of patterns, tracing their transformation from the Early Tang's “cross” structure to the Middle-Late Tang's “six-partition” structure. Additionally, it interprets the sociological and cultural significance embedded within this progression. The study integrates shape grammar theory to create a layered deconstruction framework for pattern analysis based on split grammar principles and proposes an innovative design methodology that includes four deduction rules: generative, modifying, inherited, and derivative. New patterns are generated through vectorized extraction and regularized deduction, preserving traditional elements while aligning with modern aesthetics. The method's feasibility and utility were validated through a practical case using the design on a silk scarf, completing a research cycle of “analysis-extraction-derivation-validation.” Research shows that shape grammar provides a systematic method for innovating traditional patterns, while the resulting framework opens new avenues for reinterpreting cultural heritage.

Abstract
I. Introduction
Ⅱ. Review of Literature
Ⅲ. Artistic Characteristics of theDunhuang medallion patterns
    1. Overview of medallion patterns
    2. Morphological characteristics
    3. Color characteristics
Ⅳ. Extraction and Rule-BasedDerivation of Dunhuang MedallionPatterns
    1. Pattern extraction
    2. Design and analysis of derived patterns
Ⅴ. Design Practice with DunhuangMedallion Patterns
Ⅵ. Conclusion
References

• Jingyi Zhang(Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Fashion Design, Pukyong University, Korea)
• Myung hee Lee(Professor, Dept. of Fashion Design, Pukyong University, Korea) Corresponding author