This study assessed suitable lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars and lighting conditions for indoor hydroponic cultivation in Mongolia, examining their applicability in a household-scale vertical farming system. Three cultivars— ‘Jeokchima,’ ‘Cheongsangchu,’ and ‘Meiguodashusheng’— were grown under two lighting treatments: LEDs and T5 LEDs. ‘Jeokchima’ demonstrated the most consistent and superior growth across both harvests, exhibiting significantly higher leaf length, SPAD value, dry weight, and leaf number compared to the other cultivars. The use of LED lighting enhanced all growth parameters, except for petiole length, compared to T5, highlighting its advantages in arid indoor environments. Based on these findings, a compact three-tier Deep Water Culture (DWC) system was designed as a model for urban households, facilitating year-round lettuce production in limited indoor spaces. This model shows promise for enhancing vegetable self-sufficiency and food security in Mongolia. Further research on optimizing light spectra, managing photoperiods, and diversifying cultivars is recommended.

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
    1. Introduction of Cultivars Used in the Study
    2. Light Conditions Used in the Study
    3. Experimental Design
    4. Experimental Setup
    5. Environmental and Growth Management
    6. Growth Measurements
    7. Indoor Hydroponic Cultivation Design and Components
    8. Statistical Analysis
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    1. Lettuce Growth under Different Light Treatments
    2. Growth Comparison of Three Lettuce Cultivars
    3. Growth of Three Lettuce Cultivars under DifferentLight Conditions
    4. Lettuce Growth at Different Harvest Stages underLight Treatments
    5. Growth Comparison of Three Lettuce cultivars byHarvest Stage
    6. Evaluation of a Prototype Household HydroponicSystem
적 요
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES

• Su-Jin Kim(KOPIA Mongolia Center, RDA, Ulaanbaatar-17024, Mongolia) | 김수진 (농촌진흥청 KOPIA 몽골센터)
• Hye-Min An(KOPIA Mongolia Center, RDA, Ulaanbaatar-17024, Mongolia) | 안혜민 (농촌진흥청 KOPIA 몽골센터) Corresponding author
• Myung-Kyu Oh(KOPIA Mongolia Center, RDA, Ulaanbaatar-17024, Mongolia) | 오명규 (농촌진흥청 KOPIA 몽골센터)
• Baljinnyam. G(KOPIA Mongolia Center, RDA, Ulaanbaatar-17024, Mongolia)
• Nasanjargal. T(School of Agroecology, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar-17024, Mongolia)
• Banzragch. D(School of Agroecology, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar-17024, Mongolia)