This study examined planting seasons, crop rotation, and seed utilization across nine Andean p rovinces i n Ecuador: Carchi, I mbabura, Pichincha, C otopaxi, T ungurahua, C himborazo, Cañar, Azuay, and Loja. A total of 67 farms, representing 60.9% of those surveyed, employed legumes such as peas, beans, broad beans, lupins, and green beans to enhance soil fertility through rotation or intercropping. Among the 110 farms surveyed, 59 (53.6%) implemented a combined crop rotation scheme (including both pastures-to-crop and crop-to-crop rotations), 27 (24.5%) utilized a crop-to-crop rotation, and 18 (16.4%) focused solely on pastures-to-crop rotation. High-quality or certified seeds developed by the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP) were used in 58 fields (19% of the surveyed fields), while the remaining 81% relied on self-saved seeds. These findings indicate that family farming in the Ecuadorian Andes is increasingly adopting sustainable agricultural practices that are resilient to climate change, thereby promoting biodiversity through the use of locally adapted agricultural resources.

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
적 요
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES

• Bong Nam Chung(KOrea Partnership for Innovation of Agriculture (KOPIA), Mejía, Ecuador) | 정봉남 Corresponding author
• Lidia Chicaiza Quispe(KOrea Partnership for Innovation of Agriculture (KOPIA), Mejía, Ecuador)
• Robinson Guanotoa(KOrea Partnership for Innovation of Agriculture (KOPIA), Mejía, Ecuador)
• Seong Yeon Kim(KOrea Partnership for Innovation of Agriculture (KOPIA), Mejía, Ecuador) | 김성연