This study thoroughly examines boron nitride (BN) materials prepared through solid-state synthesis using a multiscale characterization approach to understand their structural, morphological, and functional attributes. These attributes are crucial for gas sensing applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a flake-like, layered surface structure typical of hexagonal BN, indicating well-developed crystallites and interlayer alignment. Further insights from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the BN nanostructures and uncovered details such as nanosheet stacking, interplanar spacing, and local distortions such as surface wrinkling and folding. These nanoscale textural features improve the surface roughness and porosity, which are beneficial for gas adsorption and surface reactivity. Together, these imaging and diffraction results (SEM, TEM and SAED) suggest a uniform structural framework with a high surface area and excellent thermal and chemical stability. Such properties highlight the suitability of BN materials for advanced applications in thermal management, electrical insulation, and gas sensing systems.

Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Experimental Procedure
    2.1. Materials
    2.2. Synthesis of Boron Nitride
    2.3. Sample Preparation
3. Results and Discussion
    3.1. TEM and SAED Analysis
    3.2. Crystallographic Features from SAED
    3.3. SEM Morphological Analysis
    3.4. Comparative Image-Based Metrics
    3.5. Key Morphological Findings from SEM Analysis
    3.6. Comparative Morphological Assessment
    3.7. Correlation Between Morphology and GasSensing Performance
4. Conclusion
References
Author Information

• Ankita Yadav(Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied and Basic Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, India)
• Mukesh Kumar(Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied and Basic Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, India) Corresponding author
• Ashutosh Sharma(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi 834002, India) Corresponding author