The photocopy of Vietnamese Chinese and Yanxing Documents (Compiled in Vietnam) published by Fudan University Press is a set of manuscripts about Vietnamese Chinese and Yanxing documents during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, in which the copywriters used a large number of vulgar characters. Some of these vulgar characters were common characters in the East Asian Chinese character cultural circle at that time, while others had significant national characteristics and were only found in Vietnamese Chinese documents. Although some are found in books such as Big Chinese Dictionary, they are obviously inconsistent with the meanings in books. The two characters “ ” and “ ” are the nonstandard characters of “筆 (Bi)”, “丕” is the nonstandard character of “歷 (Li)”, “澫” and “ ” are the nonstandard characters formed by cursive script of “漢 (Han)”, and “ ” is the nonstandard characters of “考 (Kao)”.

• 程亞恆(文學博士，九江學院教授，碩士研究生導師) | Yaheng CHENG