This study proposes a dynamic evaluation framework for diagnosing signal control adequacy using high-resolution Automated Traffic Signal Performance Measures (ATSPM) data. Traditional signal performance assessments have primarily relied on aggregated metrics, such as average delay and volume-to-capacity ratio, which are effective for evaluating overall operational efficiency but insufficient for capturing cycle-level control limitations and temporal variability. Although split failure-based measures, including the Split Failure Ratio (SFR), provide more direct insights into green time adequacy, most existing applications focus on the failure frequency within a fixed analysis period. To address this limitation, this study introduces a Dynamic Operational Strain (DOS) index that extends the split failure into a time-evolving state variable incorporating accumulation and recovery mechanisms. By modeling the recursive evolution of the operational strain, the proposed framework captures how often failures occur and how they persist or dissipate over time. Phase-level DOS measures are subsequently aggregated at the intersection level to derive a priority score reflecting structural control inadequacy. The framework is further applied to classify intersections using DOS–SFR quadrant analysis, enabling the identification of distinct operational patterns, such as persistent oversaturation, localized phase imbalance, intermittent strain accumulation, and stable control conditions. The results demonstrate that intersections with similar SFR values may exhibit substantially different temporal strain structures, highlighting the importance of a dynamic state-based evaluation. The proposed approach provides a diagnostic foundation for data-driven signal re-timing and future adaptive control strategies by shifting the signal performance assessment from static frequency-based measures to dynamic structural adequacy analysis.

ABSTRACT
1. 서론
2. 기존 이론 및 선행 연구 고찰
    2.1. ATSPM 및 Green Split Failure
    2.2. 신호 제어 및 운영 성능 평가
    2.3. 고해상도 이벤트 데이터 기반 신호 운영 진단
    2.4. 기존 연구와의 차별성
3. 연구 데이터 및 전처리
    3.1. 연구 대상 및 데이터 개요
    3.2. 데이터 품질 관리 및 전처리
4. 분석 방법론
    4.1. 15분 단위 SFR 산출
    4.2. 동적 운영부담 (DOS) 모델 정의
    4.3. 현시 단위 성능 지표 산출
    4.4. 교차로 단위 통합 및 우선순위 지표
5. 분석 결과
    5.1. 현시 단위 신호제어 적합성 분석
    5.2. 교차로 단위 신호 제어 우선순위 분석 결과
    5.3. SFR-DOS 기반 4분면 관리 유형 분석
    5.4. 민감도 및 안정성 분석
6. 결론 및 향후 연구과제
감사의 글
REFERENCES

• 양삼규(University of Central Florida Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering 박사 후 연구원) | Yang Samgyu
• 주양준(University of Central Florida Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering 박사 후 연구원) | Joo Yang-Jun
• 오동희(한양대학교 공과대학 스마트시티공학과 박사과정) | Oh Donghee
• 박준영(한양대학교 교통·물류공학과, 스마트시티공학과 교수) | Park Juneyoung Corresponding author