Recent advances in autonomous flight, electric propulsion, and distributed architectures have enabled the rapid emergence of future air systems such as AAVs, UAVs, and eVTOL aircraft, whose software-intensive and autonomous operational characteristics differ fundamentally from those of conventional manned aircraft. This study analyzes the technical and operational characteristics of these systems and identifies structural gaps in existing airworthiness certification frameworks, discussing the applicability of performance-based certification, risk-based airworthiness approaches, and digital airworthiness concepts as practical directions for future certification reform.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 미래 항공체계의 기술적 특성
    2.1 주요 기술 구성요소
    2.2 운용개념의 변화
    2.3 감항기준 적용 시 도출되는 이슈
3. 기존 감항기준의 구조 및 미래 항공체계적용 한계
    3.1 조종사 의존 구조의 비적합성
    3.2 AI 기반 비행제어 시스템 검증 문제
    3.3 추진 시스템의 이질성
    3.4 SW 업데이트 & 형상관리 어려움
    3.5 복합 공역 운용과 인증 주체 불명확성
    3.6 한계 분석 요약
4. 감항기준 전환을 위한 제도적 대응방향
5. 결론 및 연구 기여
References

• 최정호(Dept. of Phronesis Convergence, Kyungnam University) | Jeongho Choi Corresponding author
• 조인철(Department of Defense Industry at Kyungnam Information University) | Inchul Cho