This study explores the design and preliminary application of a Korean language class incorporating a retranslation-comparison activity in an AI-assisted translation environment. Grounded in the AI-in-the-loop (AI²L) principle, whereby learners serve as the primary agents of judgment while AI translation functions as a mediating text rather than an authoritative source, a three-session structure was developed and piloted with 30 multilingual international students at a Korean university. In the first session, learners activated background knowledge and critically reflected on AI translation tools. In the second session, they retranslated a Korean text from AI-translated versions in their mother tongues using only a dictionary, without AI tools. In the third session, they compared their retranslations with the original Korean text and presented their translation choices for peer and instructor discussion. The findings indicate that the activity fostered learner agency, metalinguistic awareness, and cross-linguistic contrastive thinking. Variation in retranslation outcomes across language backgrounds—Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Russian, and English—generated rich opportunities for meaning negotiation and interaction. The study also identified several limitations, including uneven participation by proficiency level, learner resistance to AI-free translation, and time constraints within the three-session format. It suggests that retranslation-comparison activities offer a pedagogically viable structure for Korean language instruction in an era of generative AI, and calls for expanded implementation and empirical validation in future research.

I. 서론
II. 이론적 배경
    1. AI 번역 도구의 발전과 언어교육의 변화
    2. 재번역과 비교 활동의 교육적 의미
    3. 인간 중심 AI 활용과 수업 설계 원리
III. 재번역 비교 활동을 활용한 한국어 수업 설계
    1. 설계 원리 및 방향
    2. 수업 개요
    3. 3차시 수업 절차
IV. 시범 수업의 실제 양상
    1. 1차시: AI 번역 특징 탐색 및 배경지식 활성화
    2. 2차시: 모어 번역본 활용 한국어 재번역
    3. 3차시: 원문 비교·표현 탐구·발표
V. 논의
    1. AI²L 원리 구현으로서의 재번역 비교 활동
    2. 본 수업 구조의 한계
VI. 결론
참고문헌

• 김민영(한국외국어대학교) | Kim Minyoung