This study assessed the benthic macroinvertebrate community structure and aquatic environmental conditions in the eastern Hallyeohaesang National Park. From April to August 2024, three surveys at eight sites in Tongyeong-Hansan and Geoje- Haegeumgang identified 90 species from 4 phyla, with an average density of 4,743 individuals per square meter (ind.m-2). Trichoptera (23 species) and Ephemeroptera (17 species) were the most diverse orders, while non-insect taxa constituted approximately 30% of the total individuals. Functional analysis revealed clingers (CL) and collecting gatherers (CG) as the dominant habitat and feeding groups, respectively. Community analysis indicated that Site 1 had an unstable structure, characterized by a high Dominance Index (DI) and low Diversity Index (H’), Evenness Index (E), and Richness Index (RI). Conversely, Site 4 exhibited the most stable community. Biological water quality assessments, using the Total Ecological Score of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community (TESB) and Average Ecological Score of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community (AESB), largely showed Grade A to B quality across most sites. However, Site 1 received a Grade C for TESB, attributed to artificial bottom substrates. Cluster analysis, employing the Bray-Curtis similarity index based on species composition and abundance, grouped the survey sites into three distinct clusters, reflecting variations in surrounding land use and habitat structure. TESB correlated positively with species diversity, richness, and evenness. AESB showed a positive correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO) and negative correlations with water temperature (WT), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). These results underscore the high sensitivity of these low-flow aquatic ecosystems to environmental factors, emphasizing the critical need for continuous monitoring to ensure their conservation against climate change and non-point source pollution.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
    2.1. 조사 시기 및 조사 지점
    2.2. 조사 방법
    2.3. 분석 방법
    2.4. 통계 분석
3. 결과 및 고찰
    3.1. 물리 . 이화학적 서식 환경
    3.2. 저서성 대형무척추동물상
    3.3. 군집분석
    3.4. 기능군 분석
    3.5. 군집안정성 분석
    3.6. 생물학적 수환경 평가
    3.7. 유사도 분석
    3.8. 상관분석
적 요
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
사 사
REFERENCES

• 권재현(상지대학교 스 마트팜생명과학과) | Jae Hyun Kwon (Department of Smart Farm Life Science, College of Life Science & Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea)
• 고민섭(상지대학교 스 마트팜생명과학과) | Min Seop Ko (Department of Smart Farm Life Science, College of Life Science & Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea)
• 왕주현(상지대학교 스 마트팜생명과학과) | Ju Hyoun Wang (Department of Smart Farm Life Science, College of Life Science & Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea)
• 박송현(상지대학교 스 마트팜생명과학과) | Song Hyeon Park (Department of Smart Farm Life Science, College of Life Science & Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea)
• 이황구(상지대학교 스 마트팜생명과학과) | Hwang Goo Lee (Department of Smart Farm Life Science, College of Life Science & Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author
• 조용찬(국립수목원 DMZ 산림생물자원연구과) | Yong Chan Cho (DMZ Botanic Garden, Research Official, Korean National Arboretum, Yanggu 24564, Republic of Korea)
• 권혜진(국립수목원 산림생물보전연구과) | Hye Jin Kwon (Forest Biodiversity Conservation Division, Senior Research Official, Korean National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Republic of Korea)
• 신이찬(국립공원연구원) | I Chan Shin (Korea National Park Research Institute, Wonju 26441, Republic of Korea)