Chamaegastrodia shikokiana Makino is a rare mycoheterotrophic orchid vulnerable to disturbances in mature forest soils due to its reliance on fungal networks. In August 2025, we revisited 12 historical occurrence sites on Jeju Island to assess the current persistence of known populations and develop practical conservation strategies. We confirmed aboveground individuals at only two sites; no individuals were detected at the remaining ten sites during the flowering season. Two sites showed signs of soil disturbance, including digging traces approximately 20 cm in diameter. While this suggests potential anthropogenic disturbance, we cannot rule out other causes such as animal digging or unintentional trampling. To aid future field searches, we developed a Random Forest model using 12 presence records and 2,936 forest-mask-derived pseudo-absence points. The model identified a highly restricted high-suitability area (RF probability≥0.350; 0.0435 km2), concentrated in the mid-mountain forest zone of Mt. Hallasan. Environmental analysis further indicated that known occurrences were associated with higher elevations, acidic soils, and a tendency toward higher soil organic carbon. Overall, this study confirms that C. shikokiana persists at very few sites on Jeju Island, necessitating urgent in-situ conservation efforts. These efforts should include repeated monitoring, access management, and protection of extant habitats.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
    2.1. 조사 대상지 및 현장조사
    2.2. 환경변수 구축 및 pseudo-absence 지점 설정
    2.3. 종분포모형 및 통계 분석
3. 결과 및 고찰
    3.1. 과거 기록지에서의 애기천마 개체군 현황
    3.2 신규 지점 탐색을 위한 보조적 서식처 적합성 평가
    3.3. 서식처 교란의 잠재적 원인과 보전 제언
4. 결 론
적 요
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
사 사
REFERENCES
APPENDIX

• 이경연(국립생태원 멸 종위기종복원센터 복 원전략실) | Gyeong-Yeon Lee (Division of Restoration Strategy, Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36561, Republic of Korea)
• 유성연(국립생태원 멸 종위기종복원센터 복 원전략실) | Seong-Yeon Yoo (Division of Restoration Strategy, Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36561, Republic of Korea)
• 김덕기(국립생태원 멸 종위기종복원센터 복 원전략실) | Deok-Ki Kim (Division of Restoration Strategy, Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36561, Republic of Korea)
• 류태복(국립생태원 멸 종위기종복원센터 복 원전략실) | Tae-Bok Ryu (Division of Restoration Strategy, Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36561, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author
• 최병기(국립산림과학원 미래산림전략연구부) | Byoung-Ki Choi (Future Forest Strategy Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea)
• 윤다은(국립생태원 지능생태정보실) | Da-Eun Yun (Division of AI for Ecological Information, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 33657, Republic of Korea)
• 이승은(국립생태원 습지센터(실)) | Seung-Eun Lee (Division of Wetland Research, National Institute of Ecology, Changnyeong 50303, Republic of Korea)