Precise 3D modeling of accident scenes is becoming increasingly important for highly reliable traffic accident reconstruction, especially in complex road environments such as ramps and sloped sections. This study evaluates the geometric accuracy and simulation applicability of 3D road models generated using a consumer-grade 360 camera and photogrammetry technology. The test site was conducted at the circular ramp section of K-City, a dedicated autonomous driving test facility. The point cloud data (PCD) obtained through 360 camera-based photogrammetry was compared with high-precision Mobile Mapping System (MMS) data, which served as the ground truth. To analyze the practical error in a simulation environment, vehicle trajectories (x, y, z coordinates) were extracted from PC-Crash using both models. The study analyzes the similarity between the two trajectories through 3D Euclidean distance, root mean square error (RMSE), and slope change rates. The results provide quantitative evidence on the reliability of low-cost 3D modeling for accident reconstruction and suggest its potential and limitations in modeling complex road geometries.

Abstract
1. 서 론
    1.1 연구 개요
    1.2 선행연구 고찰
    1.3 연구의 필요성 및 목적
2. 이론적 배경
    2.1 PCD 및 포토그래메트리
    2.2 MMS
    2.3. 시뮬레이션 환경 내 궤적 추출
    2.4. 특이값 분해를 이용한 좌표 정렬
3. 연구 방법
    3.1. 실험 환경 및 데이터 수집 장비
    3.2. 3D 도로 모델 구축 및 시뮬레이션 환경 설정
    3.3. 데이터 전처리 및 샘플링
    3.4. 기하학적 오차 분석 지표
4. 결과 및 고찰
    4.1. 도로 모델 기하학적 정밀도 분석 결과
5. 결 론
후 기
References

• 유태현(Research Lead, Dept. of Software development, G-tag.) | Taehyun Yoo
• 김형규(Researcher, Dept. of Samsong Post Safety, Samsong Industries, Ltd.) | Hyungkyu Kim
• 최동민(Researcher, Dept. of Samsong Post Safety, Samsong Industries, Ltd.) | Dongmin Choi
• 이대봉(Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency) | Dae-Bong Lee
• 백세룡(Researcher, Department of Samsong Post Safety, Samsong Industries, Ltd.) | Seryong Baek Corresponding author