볼리비아 옥수수-콩 혼작 재배에서 네 가지 콩 품종 생산성 비교
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major global crop, widely produced and consumed in Bolivia. Due to its high nitrogen demand, maize cultivation often leads to soil degradation. Traditionally, maize has been intercropped with beans, which fix nitrogen and contribute to soil fertility. Intercropping is also known t o suppress w eeds and p ests. Wh ile maize-bean intercropping has a long history i n Bolivia, no studies have evaluated wh ich bean cultivars optimize maize y ield under l ocal c onditions. Th is s tudy assessed the effects of various bean cultivars on maize production. We intercropped four legume species —mucuna (Mucuna pruriens), crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), soybean (Glycine max), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)—with “Choclo blanco,” the most commonly cultivated maize variety in Bolivia. For comparison, th e experiment also included treatments of s ole-cropped maize and maize with nitrogen- fixing m icrobial fertilizer. O ur r esults s h owed t hat i ntercropping maize with mucuna y ielded th e highest productivity, increasing maize yield by over 40% compared to sole-cropped maize. This method also reduced pest occurrence to a level comparable to that achieved with microbial fertilizer treatment.