Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) integrate IoT and cloud technologies for patient monitoring, requiring lightweight authentication. Nikkhah and Safkhani proposed LAPCHS, claiming formal security validation. This study re-examines LAPCHS, identifying three unresolved weaknesses: anonymity leakage via SID-MT1 dependency, desynchronization attacks by blocking AT4 updates, and tag impersonation risks from weak x'⊕y' masking. Equation-based attack traces explain each vulnerability. To mitigate these, we propose a redesigned MT1 with session randomness, a commit-and-confirm update procedure, and strengthened dual-masking for x'. Simulations confirm the improved protocol preserves lightweight costs while enhancing anonymity, synchronization resilience, and impersonation resistance. Keywords: RFID Authentication; MCPS; Cloud Healthcare; Lightweight Protocol; Vulnerability Analysis.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 관련 연구
3. 연구 방법
4. 프로토콜 분석
    4.1 제안 프로토콜 개요
    4.2 식별된 보안 취약점
5. 제안하는 개선 방안
6. 모의 실험 및 평가
7. 결 론
References

• 변해원(Dept. of Future Technology, Korea University of Technology and Education, South Korea) | Haewon Byeon Corresponding author