Korea aims to commercialize Level-4 autonomous vehicles (AVs) by 2027, supported by the ongoing expansion of pilot operation districts; however, current road design standards do not address automated driving. This study derives road design elements applicable to urban roads during the mixed-traffic transition period—defined as the early stage in which permitted AVs operate alongside conventional vehicles in pilot-operation districts at low penetration rates—and examines frameworks for their standardization. Based on mixed-traffic constraints and compliance with existing standards, design elements and draft specifications are derived through literature review and practitioner consultation. These interventions comprise include a curbside AV priority lane with a minimum width of 2.75 m and purple identification markings, three intersection operation alternatives, curbside service zones for automated public-transport pick-up and drop-off, specialized road markings and signage, and a dedicated flex zone. To screen infrastructure elements for standardization instead of validate design values, a questionnaire survey of 13 experts evaluated the design adequacy and standardization feasibility on a 0–6 scale, alongside the appropriate standardization form and timing. The mean adequacy score exceeded the mean standardization feasibility score for every element; while this indicates strong agreement with the proposed design directions, it suggests caution regarding immediate codification pending empirical verification. Elements were provisionally screened into three tiers: prioritized review for standardization (road markings and signage of the AV priority lane and the service zone), standardization review after verification (AV-exclusive road, identification and dashed lines of AV priority lane, and flex zone), and review for future standardization (location, width, and intersection operations of AV priority lane). These classifications are subject to adjustment based on the results of the pilot project. Most experts preferred pilot-project guidelines over immediate codification, with mid- to long-term implementation. The institutional conditions for standardization were discussed with the Korea Construction Standards Center. The resulting draft—including the minimum safety-support elements for pilot AVs in mixed traffic—is proposed for use as a pilot-project guideline, whose design values are to be verified empirically. Additionally, a new Korean Design Standard (KDS 44 10 20) is presented to provide a clear pathway for future standardization once the institutional requirements are satisfied.

ABSTRACT
1. 서론
    1.1. 연구의 배경 및 목적
    1.2. 도로 설계 관련 기준 현황
2. 선행연구 고찰
    2.1. 자율주행 도입시 도로 기하구조 변화 예측 연구
    2.2. 자율주행 혼재기 도로 공간 재편 연구
    2.3. 자율주행 인프라 실증 사례
    2.4. 도로 관련 상위기준 개선 사례
    2.5. 시사점 및 연구의 차별성
3. 연구 방법
    3.1. 연구방법 개요
    3.2. 설문조사 설계
    3.3. 설문조사 결과 분석
    3.4. 기준화 제도적 조건 검토
    3.5. 자율주행을 고려한 국가건설기준(안)의 구성 방향
4. 결론
REFERENCES

• 윤유정(한국도로협회 AI·모빌리티연구실 전임연구원) | Yun Yujeong
• 윤재용(한국도로협회 AI·모빌리티연구실 실장) | Yoon Jaeyong Corresponding author
• 김보성(한국도로협회 AI·모빌리티연구실 책임연구원) | Kim Bosung