Study on Safety Path Search Method Considering Traffic Accident Impedance and ADAS Factors
Traffic accident records represent real crash outcomes, whereas warning data obtained from Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) provide information on the hazardous conditions observed during vehicle operation. This study proposes a safety-oriented route search method that integrates these two types of information into a link-level safety impedance, and incorporates the resulting safety resistance into the route search process. Traffic accident severity was quantified using casualty-level accident-cost weights, whereas the ADAS risk was calculated based on the frequency of warning events per unit link length. Safety Impedance was then constructed by combining accident severity and ADAS risk, and the safety route cost was defined by adding safety impedance to the base-link cost derived from the link length and free-flow speed. The proposed method was applied to the road network of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province using traffic accident data and OBU-based ADAS warning data, and the resulting safety routes were compared with conventional routes in terms of mobility and safety-related indicators. For the representative origin-destination pair, the accumulated historical accident-cost indicator along the selected safety route decreased by approximately 13.9% compared to the base route. Similar tendencies were observed for the other analyzed routes, indicating that incorporating traffic accident severity and ADAS warning information can alter route selection toward paths with lower accumulated safety risk indicators. The proposed method provides a framework for extending conventional route searches by incorporating road safety information into the link-level routing resistance. Further study is required to improve exposure-based risk estimation, temporal consistency, data representativeness, and the dynamic updating of safety information.