Medicago arabica (L.) Huds., a species native to the Mediterranean region, is newly recorded from Busan-si and Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. It is readily distinguished from the other Medicago species in Korea by its creeping stems and trifoliate leaves, whose leaflets are marked with dark purple to black spots. Its occurrence along roadsides suggests introduction through landscaping or road construction, although the exact pathway remains unknown. The species has also been reported from the USA, Costa Rica, southern South America, Japan, China, Australia, New Zealand, the Alps, the Baltic States, Sweden, and Ireland, but the ecological risk it poses has not yet been assessed. Like many other Medicago species, M. arabica is rich in diverse saponins, which have potential applications as antimicrobial agents in agriculture and medicine. This study provides a detailed morphological description, a taxonomic key to related taxa, voucher specimen data, photographs, and a distribution map of its habitat.