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Quantifying Invisible Goodwill: Design and Validation of an Alternative Data-Based Micro-Enterprise Valuation Model (S-PACE 1.0) KCI 등재

보이지 않는 영업권의 계량화: 대안 데이터 기반 소상공인 가치평가 모형(S-PACE 1.0)의 설계와 검증

Jeongsup Kum, Hee Joo, Hyoungtae Kim
  • 언어KOR
  • URLhttps://db.koreascholar.com/Article/Detail/453346
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한국산업경영시스템학회지 (Journal of Society of Korea Industrial and Systems Engineering)
한국산업경영시스템학회 (Society of Korea Industrial and Systems Engineering)
초록

Micro-enterprises lacking explicit intellectual property and audited financial statements have been structurally marginalized in traditional capital market valuation frameworks due to severe information asymmetry. To resolve this structural market failure and econometrically estimate their intrinsic value, this study proposes an integrated valuation framework (S-PACE 1.0) based on multidimensional alternative data. Going beyond conventional GIS and NLP reputation indices, the model incorporates novel metrics—the Operation Continuity Index combining electricity usage and mutual-aid contribution payments, the Digital Management Index based on app traffic, and the Human Capital Stability Index controlling for turnover rates—to convert ‘soft competitiveness’ into financial goodwill. A simulation using a Simulated Empirical Dataset demonstrated a valuation increase from 70 million KRW under conventional collateral models to 220 million KRW, and the model’s predictive robustness was verified through Propensity Score Matching (PSM). This study redefines micro-enterprises as proactive investment assets and provides an empirical rationale for innovative inclusive finance that encompasses dynamic resilience against macroeconomic shocks.

키워드
Micro-enterprise ValuationAlternative DataSoft CompetitivenessNLP Sentiment IndexGIS Location IndexIntangible Assets (Goodwill)Financial InclusionS-PACE 1.0
목차
1. 서 론
    1.1 연구의 배경 및 필요성
    1.2 연구의 목적 및 연구 질문
    1.3 연구의 범위 및 방법론
2. 이론적 배경 및 선행 연구 고찰
    2.1 소상공인의 연성 경쟁력과 대안 데이터
    2.2 전통적 평가 체계의 한계
    2.3 대안신용평가(ACS) 연구의 공백 및 구조적한계와 극복 과제
3. S-PACE 1.0: 소상공인 대안 기업가치평가 모형 설계
    3.1 기준 현금흐름(Base Cash Flow) 추정
    3.2 AI 기반 연성 경쟁력 지수(Soft-Power Index)산출 공식
    3.3 최종 기업가치(Total Business Valuation, TV)산출 공식
    3.4 공적 보증기관 심사 모형과의 구조적 차별성
    3.5 대안 데이터 수집의 법적 기반과 접근권
    3.6 디지털 소외 사업체 보정과 데이터 품질 통제
4. 가상 시뮬레이션 및 실증 분석
    4.1 기초 자산 및 데이터 현황
    4.2 가치 평가 시뮬레이션 결과 비교
    4.3 추가 시뮬레이션: 업종별 가치평가 사례
5. 모형의 실증적 강건성 및 범용성 검증
    5.1 데이터 수집 및 전처리
    5.2 주요 변수의 기술통계량
    5.3 머신러닝 기반 OOT(Out-Of-Time) 교차 검증및 예측 성능
    5.4 성향 점수 매칭(Propensity Score Matching,PSM)을 통한 편의 통제
    5.5 리스크 페널티(Risk Penalty) 민감도 분석
6. 요약 및 결론
    6.1 연구의 독창성
    6.2 결론 및 한계점
References
저자
  • Jeongsup Kum(Korea Rating & Data Co., Ltd.) | 금정섭 (한국평가데이터(KoDATA))
  • Hee Joo(The Pool Inc.) | 주희 (더풀)
  • Hyoungtae Kim(Department of AI Management, Woosong University) | 김형태 (우송대학교 AI경영학과) Corresponding author