Correlation analysis between environmental conservation value assessment map (ECVAM) grade changes and regional air quality in the Yeongdong and Yeongseo regions
This study investigated the relationship between spatiotemporal changes in Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) grades and air pollution in the Yeongdong and Yeongseo regions of Gangwon Province, South Korea. Using the Taebaek Mountain Range as the geographic boundary, seven districts in Yeongdong and 11 districts in Yeongseo were analyzed. Air pollutant data for 2016~2023 were obtained from Air Korea’s urban monitoring network, while ECVAM grade data for the same period were collected from the official ECVAM database. The results revealed clear regional differences in air pollution patterns between Yeongdong and Yeongseo. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were generally higher in Yeongseo, particularly in Wonju, whereas O3 concentrations were higher in Yeongdong. Correlation analysis showed that Grade 1 areas, representing the highest environmental and ecological conservation value, were negatively correlated with all examined air pollutants. In contrast, Grade 3~5 areas, characterized by larger proportions of semi-natural and developed land, showed positive correlations with most pollutants except O3. These findings suggest that changes in the distribution of ECVAM grades associated with urbanization and land development are related to regional air quality variations, reflecting changes in the distribution of both conservation and developed areas. The results also highlight the importance of considering the geographic and environmental differences between Yeongdong and Yeongseo. Future studies should integrate additional spatial datasets, including land-cover, meteorological, and emission data, to better clarify the mechanisms linking land-use change and air pollution.