This study focused on production and distribution situations of Korean organic beef cattle at Hongseong Chungnam. Case Farmers have raised cattle organically based on interchange between a few Consumers" Life Cooperatives(CLC) and them. CLC furnished with funding to purchase calves and bought the cattle beef. However, they have many problems related to procuring organic feed in producing organic beef. Presently, they have used organic byproducts from sowing farming and prepared grass places. But they don"t breed organic beef cattle in a large scale because of the limitation of organic feed output.

The root of Angelica tenuissima Nakai (Umbelliferae) has been used in traditional medicines of Korea as a headache, common cold and a fever remedy. A. tenuissima contains ferulic acid and various compounds of essential oil group such as limonene, 3-butylidenephthalide, γ-terpinene, neocnidilide, ligustilide, senkyunolide and neocnidilide. This study carried out to compare the contents of ferulic acid, z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide between native and cultivated species of A. tenuissima by HPLC. The average contents of ferulic acid, z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide indicated that native species (9 samples) were 0.060%, 0.616%, 0.025% and cultivated species (15 samples) were 0.037%, 0.141%, 0.029%, respectively. All samples were collected from different places in Korea.

Ginsenosides have been regarded as the principal components, responsible for the pharmacological and biological activities of ginseng. Absorption of major ginsenosides at the gastrointestinal tract was extremely low, when ginseng taken orally. In order to improve the absorption and bioavailability, transformation of major ginsenosides into more active and valuable minor ginsenoside is much required. In this present study, We isolated a lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc fallax LH3 from the Korean fermented food Kimchi, which have higher β-glucosidase activity. Using the ethanol precipitated curd enzyme of Leuconostoc fallax LH3, we investigated the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rd at different experimental condition to increase transformation. The maximum convertion was supported at 30 ℃ and decreased when temperatures increased. In order to optimize the effect of pH, the curd enzyme was mixed 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 3.5 to pH 8.0). Ginsenoside Rd was almost hydrolyzed between pH 7.0 and pH 9.0, but not hydrolyzed above pH 10.0. Ginsenoside Rd was hydrolyzed after 24 hrs incubation, but whereas the ginsenoside F2 was appeared from 36 hrs, and all ginsenoside Rd was transformed to F2 after the 60 hrs incubation. Based on this study, the curd enzyme of Leuconostoc fallax LH3 transformed the ginsenoside Rd at the 30℃ and the pH optimum of 7.0 to 9.0 after the 60 hrs incubation time.

This study was investigated that quality inspection of distributed Scutellariae Radix in Korea. To evaluate the quality of these herbal medicines, we carried out TLC pattern, foreign matter in purity, loss on drying, ash, acid-insoluble ash, oil content, dilute ethanol-soluble, water-soluble, ether-soluble extracts contents, quantitative analyses, residual SO2, individual heavy metals and organochlorine pesticides. To measure contents of baicalin, baicalein and wogonin, we were quantitative analyzed using HPLC. The average contents of baicalin, baicalein and wogonin were detected by 13.28 (±0.43)%, 1.17 (±0.04)% and 0.40 (±0.02)%, respectively. Each average contents As, Cd, Hg and Pb was 0.059 (±0.054) mg · kg-1, 0.019 (±0.010) mg · kg-1, 0.017 (±0.057) ppm and 0.242 (±0.084) mg · kg-1, respectively.

The feasibility of the automation of upper-air sounding is examined by using recent 3-year(2002~2004) observation data from Autosonde at Haenam, Korea. The Autosonde has been successfully operated since 2002 in order to produce an intensive observation data at high-impact weather events for research purpose. It is found from the analysis of recent 3 years' operation data of the system that the system could be capable of making a stable observation when strong wind greater than 20 m/s was recorded under the influence of typhoons Rusa in 2002 and Maemi in 2003. It might be concluded that there is some possibility in automating upper-air sounding for operational purpose through the reduction of operator's payment and operating cost for upper-air sounding.

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 단경 다수성인 ‘CUP brittle’과 조숙인 ‘대광’를 인공교배하여 육성한 조평의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조평은 버지니아 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 직립 단경 다분지성이다. 조평은 대광땅콩에 비해 성숙협수, 성숙협비율등 양호한 등숙특성을 보이며 100립중이 87g인 대립품종이다. 도복은 매우 강한 특성을 나타내며 갈반병, 그물무늬병, 흑반병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육 후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. 조평은 단백질이 30.9%, 기름함량이 43.1%이고 양질지방산중 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 2.1로 산화안정성이 양호한 특성을 가진다. 조평은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 대광땅콩에 비하여 전국평균 8.37ton/ha로서 11% 증수되었다. 조평은 개화가 빠르고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

간식용 풋땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 자색종피인 ‘HYQ(CG)S-10’와 다수성인 ‘신광땅콩’을 인공교배하여 육성한 참원의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 참원은 신풍초형으로 주경과 분지에서 개화 및 착협하고, 지상부 생장습성은 직립 소분지성이다. 참원은 팔광땅콩에 비해 성숙협수는 같으나 100립중이 90g으로 5g 더 높은 대립품종이다. 갈반병, 그물무늬병은 팔광땅콩 보다 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. 참원의 기름함량은 25.8%, 단백질이 31.3%로서 팔광땅콩에 비해 높고, 탄닌함량이 낮고 유리당 함량이 높아 풋땅콩의 품질이 양호하다. 참원은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 대광땅콩에 비하여 풋땅콩이 전국평균 8.93MT/ha로서 18%, 종실이 3.95ton/ha로서 4% 증수하였다. 참원은 개화가 빠르고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

Organic farming including organic livestock farming in EU has been extended since the latter half of the 19th century. Especially, the organic farming area of Italy, Spain, Germany and U.K. is extensive compared to other EU countries. And organic farming area has been extended rapidly in Portugal and Greece. EU will have an influence on many countries’ organic farming on the history and world agriculture. If FTA reaches between Korea and EU, livestock products like ham or sausage will be imported a great deal from EU. So Korea has to establish countermeasures to livestock products export strategies of EU

Producing Korean organic beef cattle costs a great deal because it needs breeding conditions like the organic feed, an uncontaminated breeding farm and so on. So the price of Korean organic beef (KOB) is more expensive than that of Korean general beef (KGB). To overcome this adverse price condition, a case production organization in Asan will choose direct marketing routes for consumers or the shop under direct management of the organization, or franchise shops. As a result, these marketing routes are expected to narrow the price gap between KOB and KGB. And consumers will accept the price of KOB if quality of KOB is very high level, for example the first grade++.

This study was to assess the lifetime cancer and non-cancer risk of exposure of worker and user at public facilities in Korea to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We measured the concentrations of two aldehydes and five VOCs in indoor air at 424 public buildings that 8 kinds of public facilities (70 movie theaters, 86 offices, 86 restaurants, 70 academies, 22 auditoriums, 30 PC-rooms, 30 singing-rooms and 30 bars) all over the country. There were estimated the human exposure dose and risks with averages of the using-time and frequency for facility users and office workers, respectively. Carcinogens (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzene) were estimated the lifetime excess cancer risks (ECRs). non-carcinogens (toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene) were estimated the hazard quotients (HQs). The average ECRs of formaldehyde and benzene for facility worker and user were 1×10-3~1×10-4 and 1×10-4~1×10-5 level, respectively, in all facilities. HQs of four non-carcinogens did not exceed 1.0 for all subjects in all facilities. The estimated ECRs for restaurant and auditorium were the highest, and the PC-room and bar were the next higher facilities. Furthermore, people in a smoking facility had the highest cancer risk. Higher ECRs of formaldehyde and benzene were observed in indoor smoking facilities such as restaurant and auditorium. Higher HQs of toluene and xylene were observed at the restaurant and office building.