The fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) was recently proposed as a direct replacement for methyl bromide (CH3Br) in soil fumigation. This study was conducted to better understand behavior phase partitioning, diffusion and volatilization of 1,3-D as affected by isomer. The Henry's law constant(KH) of cis-1,3-D and trans-1,3-D was 0.058 and 0.037 at 20℃, respectively. KH of cis form of 1,3-D was higher than that of trans form of 1,3-D. To compare with volatilization of 1,3-D isomer, soil column [70 cm (length)×12 cm (i.d.)] included a shank injection at 30 cm with 300 kg ha-1. Maximum cis-1,3-D and trans-1,3-D concentration reached 57 mg L-1 and 39 mg L-1 at 30 cm depth at 1h after application. Cumulatively, after 10 days, 51.8% and 43.57% of applied cis-1,3-D and trans-1,3-D was emitted via volatilization, respectively. The total losses of cis-1,3-D were significantly greater than that of trans-1,3-D. Finally, cis-1,3-D and trans-1,3-D, such as isomer are dominant of 1,3-D fates in soil.

The opening process of cut calla flower was faster at 30 t than at lower temperatures as it could be expected from its tropical origin. Gibberellin enhanced the flower opening, however, it also speeded up senescent. Silver thiosulfate was effective in prolonging the vase life of the cut calla flower. Silver thiosulfate reduced ethylene generation by the flower and inhibited microbial growth in the flower stalk. Reduction in ethylene generation and inhibition of microbial growth is thought to be responsible for the extension of the vase life of cut calla flowers by silver thiosulfate.

Trifluralin (2,6-dinitro-N, N-dipropy1-4- (trifluormethyl) benzenamine) was applied preemergent to soybean in plots drained or nondrained, in Louisiana. Plots 14.6 ㏊ were arranged to give 1683 g/㏊ of trifluralin. The half life of trifluralin in the top 15㎝ of soil was 42.6 days and 46.0 days in nondrained plot and drained plot, respectively. The concentrations of trifluralin in surface runoff water and subsurface runoff water were 0.62 ng/mL-0.02 ng/mL and 0.06 ng/mL-0.02 ng/mL, respectively. The concentration of trifluralin in runoff water was smaller than 2 ng/mL for trifluralin of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency advisory. Total loss of trifluralin in runoff water was 0.021% of applied amount at drained plots during three month after application. Trifluralin was moved hardly in the water. Subsurface drainage reduced trifluralin losses because concentration of trifluralin in the subsurface runoff water in drained fields was low.