In the encyclopedia as the example of the book Gu Jin Shi Lin to record the number of Chinese Characters Vocabulary in Korean at Joseon era which was written by Li Yifeng like a Zhuxi’s scholars. From diachronic perspective, it is of great value in the study of Chinese word form, sound and meaning, spoken Chinese words and the oversea spread of Chinese vocabulary. It cannot be ignored that the Chinese characters and words collected at that time not only reflect the use of spoken words in the time when the book was written, but also provide fresh corpus for the study of modern Chinese characters and words, overseas sinology, overseas transmission of Chinese characters and other studies. By introducing the related content, the hope can cause the attention of academic circles.

Liushu Jingwei is a dictionary of Chinese characters written by Hong Yang-ho at the end of the Joseon Dynasty. Ji Yun of the Qing Dynasty compared this book with Wang Anshi’s Zishuo in the Northern Song Dynasty in his postscript, and gave a high evaluation. Zishuo had long been lost, and people today have a collection of lost works. After a comparative reading, it can be seen that the two books have similarities and differences. A comparative study of Zishuo and Liushu Jingwei will help to further understand the similarities and differences in the interpretation of Chinese and Korean regular characters, and it is also meaningful for the study of the spread of Chinese characters in Korea.

As the largest written Chinese dictionary in the Joseon Dynasty, “Gujin Shilin” contains a wealth of Korean vulgar words. This paper takes the Korean Kanji Words in “Gujin Shilin” as an example, analyzes the Korean common characters used in the entry, and summarizes the characteristics of the common characters in the inheritance of “Liushu”, such as associative compounds, pictophonetic characters, and phonetic loan characters, as well as the simplification of the form, the symbolization of the components, and the components of the common characters. The variation law of functionalization and reconstruction of pronunciation and meaning is beneficial to the research on the spread and development of popular characters outside the territory.

Chinese traditional dictionaries are often named after “文”, “ 字” or “dictionary” such as Shuowenjiezi, Zihui, Kangxi Dictionary, etc. The dictionary named Yupian began with Guyewang in the Liang Dynasty. It has its own cultural meaning to use jades comparing to characters. This paper analyzes the reasons for the naming of dictionaries in their own history. And the particularity of Yupian’s naming by examining the taking of such treasure as ‘yu’, a metaphor of Chinese characters. From this rhetorical perspective, it can also be seen that the things named ‘jade’ have their characteristics as well. According to the records of ‘jade’ in classical literature and its influence on people’s ideology in ancient cultural life, it is, in fact, found that the meaning of ‘jade’ has gradually developed and spread. Its metaphorical meaning has also extended to various fields in the same fashion. From the standpoint of the relation between jades and Chinese characters, and that between language and culture, this paper will explore the origin of the naming of Yupian as a dictionary and its influence on the naming of Japanese and Korean dictionaries.

Human sacrifice in the Shang Dynasty (1600 BC – 1046 BC) refers to the practice of killing of human beings in rituals such as slaves, war prisoners as offerings to divine patrons and ancestors. The reason for this is the worship of the ancestors and the sacrifice of slaves to the gods to expand the ranks of their ancestors in another world. This paper aims to demonstrate that the Shang culture was based on human sacrifice to the wife of a king of Shang called Female Ancestors(xianbi 先妣) and the focus of this article is qualified xianbi of enjoying sacrifice in oracle inscriptions of Shang Dynasty. This research shows that xianbi had a quite high status in Shang dynasty, they enjoyed the same species of human sacrifices and animals with male ancestors(xianwang 先王). These results are evidence showing that the status of men and women were equal in the royal system of Shang Dynasty.

Gogeum Seongnim (Gujin Shilin) written by Lee Euibong (Li Yifeng), a scholar of the Joseon Dynasty, is representative of Chinese dictionary in the Joseon period. Its collected Chinese characters have large vocabulary, a long time span, and a wide range of contents, which are extremely valuable for the study of Chinese character communication outside China. However, the book is vast in traditional Chinese characters. And the creation of this book was after twists and turns. There are still many errors in the Chinese characters included in the book. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the wrong Chinese characters. In addition, the corruption of ancient Korean writing is not uncommon. This means that it is necessary to collate Chinese dictionaries and correct the wrong Chinese characters at that time, which is the basis of foreign literature research. This article selects more than ten representative mistakes of Gogeum Seongnim and examines them, and on this basis, analyzes the reasons for the mistakes as errors caused by negligence in transmission and copying, negligence in sentence segmentation, errors in pronounce, and errors in form. From this, we can also glimpse the types and reasons of errors in the Chinese dictionaries in the Joseon period, which we wish to be helpful to the collation of and research on the Chinese dictionaries in the Joseon period.

‘Tong’, a term commonly used in ancient Chinese dictionaries, is also widely used in Korean Chinese dictionaries. Through the study of the term in Jeonwun Okpyeon, this paper finds that the term is mainly used to define the characters with the same or close relationship in pronounciation. This is similar to the term in ancient Chinese annotations and dictionaries. However, the term in Jeonwun Okpyeon can also be used to define the situation in which Chinese characters’ shapes and meanings are interlinked. It is, in fact, desirable that the characteristic as such be paid special attention to in the study into ancient dictionary styles of both China and Korea. Based on the exhaustive investigation and analysis of “Tong” in Jeonwun Okpyeon, the paper obtains various types of ‘Tong’, which provides support for the determination of its connotation as well.

As the most commonly used Chinese character dictionary in Korea, Korea's the Chinese-Korean Dictionary was originally revised from the Large Chinese-Korean Dictionary(1964) and retained Chinese characters from ancient times to around 1950. Since the initial edition of 1973, the dictionary has been reprinted several times and has not been revised. In view of the deletion of some worthwhile Chinese characters in the Chinese-Korean Dictionary on the basis of the Large Chinese-Korean Dictionary, or the inappropriate deletion of some entries, and the many imperfections in the compilation style, such as the lack of illustrations, Chinese phonetic notes and Chinese annotations, etc., this paper holds that the Chinese-Korean Dictionary should be revised and properly included and deleted. In addition to the valuable Chinese characters, and improve the compilation style, so that it is more detailed, more convenient for readers to use. At the same time, in order to overcome the limitations of paper dictionary, expand its capacity, update entries in time, and make it easy for readers to carry, it is necessary to launch the Internet dictionary of the Chinese-Korean Dictionary.

The word “dictionary” originated in China. China used to call the dictionary a “word book” which was used as a general term for the interpretation of Chinese characters, sounds, and meanings. At the beginning of the 20th century, in the era of modern China's alternating old and new cultures and Chinese and Western cultures, the social language has undergone tremendous changes, which has caused obstacles to the reading of the people and has also seriously affected academic research. In almost the same period, the Korean peninsula, which borders China, has also abolished the status of Chinese characters as an orthodox script under the influence of Japanese colonial rule. In the context of a similar era in which the culture of the country is influenced by foreign cultures, the “New Dictionary” and the “New Dictionary” of the Republic of Korea should be born on time. Both are compiled on the basis of the “Kangxi Dictionary” to comply with the new situation and new Form, hence the name of the "new dictionary." The characters in the two “The New Dictionary” are mostly the same, but there are also some characters in them, which are different because of factors such as referral and transmission. This article starts with the differences between the Chinese characters in the Chinese and Korean New Dictionaries and uses the Chinese character configuration theory to classify the differences in the shape of the characters and to trace the origin of the characters, combining ancient Chinese characters such as Oracle, Bronze, and Warring States. Further analysis of the reasons for the differences in the type of characters to analyze the characteristics of Chinese and Korean dictionary compilation.

In this paper, the author studied dictionaries that was named as Yupian in the Joseon Dynasty and modern times. and also studied the versions and characteristics of these dictionaries. The results show that the Chinese dictionaries in Korean development process from early to mature stage.

Chinese characters in Vietnam have a long history, more than one thousand years. This paper with three main parts is aimed at doing a research overview of Vietnam’s Chinese characters over the years. In the first part, the birth and the usage of Chinese characters will be presented through the analysis of formation circumstances as well as the historical position of the characters in Vietnam. In the second part, the paper will introduce the social, cultural and educational background, the unearthed literature and handed-down literature, and anonymous literature as well as the arrangement and the research of the characters over each period in the history. In the last part, the achievements and the failures of researches on Vietnam’s Chinese characters by far will be pointed out as the foundation of future researches, which are to improve the status of Chinese characters socially.

The variants of references in dictionary reflect many characteristics of particular regions and era. These variants are also the key points to the research of characters’ dissemination and application. This paper based on the Access of xinzidian, reorganized all the references to Liji, and then made a comparison between the references and Liji. As a result, we found 100 variants, and summarized them as five types.　Then on this basis, we attempt to discuss the features and laws of Korea’s characters.

We can learn about and sum up the spread history of Chinese traditional musical instruments in East Asian countries according to the literature of other ancient books. But as a dictionary in ancient Korea, Zilei zhushi (《字類註釋》) completely recorded historical information of material and spiritual culture depending on its selectivity, model, practicability, learning, accuracy and objectivity characteristics at that time. Names of the instruments it recorded not only reflect the historical introduction process of the Chinese traditional musical instruments in South Korea, but also represent the level of understanding of Chinese traditional musical instruments in the ancient Korean. By using the Chinese Dictionary in Ancient Korean and referring to Chinese classics literature dictionaries, this paper attempts to focus on examining collection, classification and characters of the musical instrument names and further discussing the spread track of Chinese traditional music culture and Chinese character culture in East Asia.

Lu Xun (1881‐1936), one of the foremost thinkers and writers in modern China, has been described by the official ideology as “materialist” and “Marxist” since the year of 1949; however, Lu Xun’s thoughts are actually much more complex than these depictions. Thinking critically on religious issues, Lu Xun put forward many unique perspectives. During the earlier stage, Lu Xun valued the religious function of salvation in the aspect of “saving morals and human minds of the time”, and applied it in his practice to cultivate humanity of the people and to reconstruct belief systems of the nation; in the later stage, he focused on certain elements of religious superstitions and the negative impact of religion on the lower classes, while his later views on religion also constituted an important part of his overall criticism on Chinese traditional belief systems. It is Lu Xun’s unswerving thoughts and practices to transform national characters that hold together his early‐stage ideas on religious culture and his thoughts in the late phase.

The paper carries out a systematic survey on the origins, evolution, formation module of 201 radicals of Chinese characters by means of database analysis method. On the basis of the above investigation, the research probes into the relation between 201 radicals and HSK 2905 from the aspects of Ziwei (overlapping percentage), character-formation frequency, positions and functions. With the help of the psychological theory, the methods of learning radicals are provided for reference.

중국에서 오랜 역사를 지닌 한자교학은 주로 아동을 대상으로 전개되었다. 현재의 아동을 대상으 로 하는 한자교육은 취학전 아동 및 학령아동을 상대로 진행된다. 만 6세 이하의 취학 전 아동에 대한 한자교육은 보통 유아식자교육이라 일컬으며, 기초교육단계의 학령아동(6~12세)에 대한 한 자교육은 학령아동 한자교육이라고 부른다. 현재 학계에서는 아동 한자교육의 실행 및 연구에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 취학 전 아동인 유아한자교육은 주로 식자에 중점을 두고 있다. 하지만 학령아동 한자교육 연구도 유아한자교육과 마찬가지로 여전히 식자에만 제한되어, 교육의 다양화 확대 및 제고를 실현하지 못하였다. 본고에서는 주로 학령아동 한자교육 대상인 초등학교 6세~12세 학생들이 학습하는 한자지식 내 용을 연구대상으로 삼고, 기초교육한자 교학 및 연구자들에게 다음의 연구 문제를 제시하였다. 첫 째, 기초교육단계에서 식자가 여전히 유일한 교학목표인가? 둘째, 학령아동에게 체계적인 한자 지 식을 전달할 수 있도록, 아동 식자교육의 개선 및 확대를 제고할 필요성은 없는가? 본고에서는 문헌조사, 정책분석, 설문조사 및 교학실천의 네 가지 방안을 토대로 학령아동을 대 상으로 한 확대된 한자교육 내용에 대해 새로운 방안을 제시하고자 하였다.

This paper introduces the function of database in language research.the database of Hanja dictionary in ancient Korean is a multi - functional query software. Its contents include three representative Hanja dictionaries in ancient Korean. According to the characteristics of different Hanja dictionaries, The author design index query way of the prefix, number, categories, radical and full-text. This paper also introduces the application of database in language research.

This paper is concerned with the research on the classification and origin and connotation of the <Xunmeng zihui>. The paper points out that the term of dictionary definition is the key to grasp the meaning of Chinese characters to the users. However, because the ancient authors did not explain the terms they used, this resulted in our study of ancient Chinese character dictionary is very difficult. If we do not understand the terms, the source and uses of the dictionary, We will not be able to carry on the research to the South Korean Ancient Chinese character dictionary, Whether it is the dictionary itself, or its traditional and theoretical.

Human sacrifice is a religious practice in which living human individuals are consumed to worship natural and ancestral spirits. Ample evidence of this practice during the Yin-Shang period is furnished by oracle-bone inscriptions, which are extant from ca. 1200 B.C.E. This paper addresses the issue of female human sacrifice in Shang-dynasty oracle-bone inscriptions both from the point of view of religious studies and from a socio-historical perspective. Proceeding from a systematic overview of the various categories of female human sacrifice in the inscriptional record, the paper analyzes the social status and origins of the victims in order to better understand the specific functions and peculiarities of female human sacrifice under the Shang.