미래는 다양성과 통합의 시대다. 다양성과 통합이라는 미래교육의 본질을 회복하기 위해서는 교육의 목적, 교육의 주체, 교육의 대상, 교육의 내용, 교육의 방법, 교육의 행정 등 기존의 교육 활동 전반에 대한 새롭고 다양한 관점과 통합적인 패러다임이 요구된다. 왜냐하면 미래사회는 창의성을 갖춘 인재를 필요로 하기 때문이다. 창의성을 강조하는 미래의 인재에게 요구되는 요건이 바로 배움학적 상상력이다. 배움학적 상상력은 단순한 지식의 확보를 넘어선다. 배움학적 상상력은 머릿속 생각이나 마음속 결심(決心)만을 의미하는 것이 아니다. 배움학적 상상력은 생각과 결심에 더해 손과 발의 결단(決斷)과 결행(決行)을 요구한다. 미래교육의 본질로서 다양성과 통합성을 회복하기 위한 배움학적 상상력은 새로운 미래교육의 방법론이다.

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus) 수정란의 부화율에 대한 중금속(Cd, Cu, Zn)의 급성독성을 조사하였다. Cd, Cu 및 Zn (0, 10, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000 ppb)에 수정란을 48h 노출시킨 후, 정상 부화율을 백분율로 나타내었다. Cd, Cu 및 Zn을 포함하지 않는 대조구에서는 정상 부화율이 80% 이상을 나타냈으나, 중금속 농도가 증가할수록 정상 부화율은 급격히 감소하였다. 정상 부화율은 Cd, Cu 및 Zn에 대해 농도 의존적으로 감소하였으며, 각각 1000, 100, 100 ppb 이상의 농도에서 유의적이 차이를 나타내었다. P. olivaceus의 정상 부화율에 대한 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 반수영향농도(EC50)를 이용한 독성은 Zn¤Cu¤Cd 순으로 강한 것으로 나타났으며, 이들 중금속에 대한 EC50는 각각 584, 1015, 1282 ppb를 나타내었다. Cd에 대한 NOEC는 500 ppb를 나타냈고 LOEC는 500 ppb를 나타내었다. Cu와 Zn의 NOEC와 LOEC 각각 100 ppb와 500 ppb로 유사한 값을 나타내었다. NOEC와 LOEC 결과로부터 자연생태계 내에서 Cu와 Zn 농도는 100 ppb, Cd 농도는 500 ppb를 초과할 경우 P. olivaceus 수정란의 정상 부화율은 감소할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로, P. olivaceus의 정상 부화율을 이용한 생물학적 시험은 중금속과 같은 유해물질에 대한 해양생태계의 영향을 판단하기 위한 시험방법으로 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

미래는 창의력과 도전정신이 요구되는 시대다. 미래는 다양성이 존중되는 시대다. 미래는 소통과 상생이 배어있는 시대다. 이를 통틀어서 미래는 배움의 시대다. 다가오는 미래는 새로운 가능성과 기회를 부여한다. 이를 위해 기존의 학교는 스스로의 가치와 역할에 대해서 다시금 반추해볼 필요가 있다. 지금까지 실행해 온 학교교육의 내용과 방법이 과연 미래 사회에도 충분히 적용 가능할 것인지에 대한 원론적인 질문부터 시작해야 할 것이다. 지금의 학교교육이 지닌 한계를 직시하고 이를 극복할 수 있는 미래 지향적인 학교교육의 비전과 방향을 수립하는 일이 필요한 시간이다. 미래 학교교육의 성패는 인간 본성으로서의 배움을 여하히 드러내고 복원해내고 증진시켜 나가느냐에 달려있다. 학생들 각자가 지닌 잠재력과 배움력을 극대화 하는 작업이 미래의 학교교육에서 성취해 나가야 할 과업이다. 이를 위해서는 창의력과 도전정신을 함양할 뿐만 아니라, 다름을 인정할 수 있는 다양성을 배양하고, 나아가 언제 어디서든지 원하는 내용을 접하고 익히고 만들어 낼 수 있는 배움 정신을 회복하는 일이 미래 학교교육의 비전이며, 이를 바탕으로 열린교육, 대안교육, 배움의 교육이 미래 학교교육의 방향이 되어야 할 것이다.

For the synthesis of water soluble acrylic modified epoxyester resin, fatty acid/epoxy ratio of 50/50 was used, and introduced maleic anhydride. Ratio of styrene/acrylic acid of acrylic monomers was fixed 85/15 and ratio of epoxyester/acrylic monomer was controlled 80/20, 75/25, 70/30, 65/35, and degree of neutralization were changed 65%, 80%, to 100%. As a result, 40% solids acrylic modified epoxyester resins were synthesized. Resins were evaluated water soluble stability, drying time, water resistant, storage stability and physical properties. And the white paints were prepared, and were evaluated viscosity, drying time, water resistance, adhesion, sagging, spray workability, gloss, salt spray resistance, skinning, whiteness and flash rust. As a result, the degree of neutralization of 100% and the ratio of epoxyester/acrylic monomer of 75/25 showed the best properties.

최근 화석자원의 고갈과 대기오염의 피해를 저감하기 위해 자전거의 이용을 적극적으로 장려하고 있으며 이를 위해 자전거도로 건설이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 현재 사용 중인 자전거도로 포장은 이용 하중에 비해 높은 성능과 시공비용을 지니고 있어 효율적인 건설을 위해 경제적인 도로포장형식이 필요하다. 롤러 전압 콘크리트 포장은 시멘트 경화 반응과 다짐으로 인한 골재 맞물림에 따른 높은 구조적 성능을 확보할 수 있다. 또한 시공이 간단하고 건설비가 적어서 자전거도로에 적용하기 위한 우수한 조건을 갖추고 있다. 그러나 롤러 전압 콘크리트 포장의 불량한 표면 미관과 제설제 피해에 대한 취약성은 자전거도로 건설에서 문제로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해 표면 미관의 개선과 환경하중에 대한 피해를 저감 할 수 있을 것으로 예상되는 코팅공법을 이용하였으며 이에 대한 효과를 검증하기 위해 롤러 전압 콘크리트 포장의 코팅에 따른 성능을 검토하였다.

It has been considered that fishing areas for shrimp beam trawl have been in ruin because Korean local governments have permitted trawling into the areas limited by the fisheries local regulations from 1994. Physical and biological effects of the trawling were investigated in the study. Physical effects were investigated by optical methods such as trawling tracking by side scan sonar and comparing the gear both before and after trawling. Biological aspects were investigated by grab sampling of benthic animals, concentration of trace metals in sediment and a flux evaluation of NH4+, PO4-, and SiO2 by coring. The fishing activity had physical impacts on the seabed but these recovered naturally in less than fourty days naturally, which increased the benthic biodiversity, increases the trace metal concentration of and nutrient flux into the seawater, especially phosphate and silicate. This method and these results can help in further studies looking for disturbances by fishing.

To prepare weather-resistant silicone/acrylic resin coatings for an architectural purpose, tetrapolymers were synthesized by a radical polymerization. 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) as a silicone monomer and n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and n-butyl methacrylate as acrylic monomers were used. The compositions of monomers were adjusted to fix the glass transition temperature of acrylic polymer for 20℃. The composition of MPTS in the synthesized polymer were varied from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. On the basis of synthesized resin amber paints were prepared and their physical properties and effects for weatherability were examined. The presence of MPTS in silicone/acrylic resins generally resulted in low molecular weight and broad molecular weight distribution, and also lowered the viscosity of the copolymers. The coated films prepared from these resins showed good and balanced properties in general. Adhesion to the substrate was outstanding in particular. Weatherability tests were carried out in three different types such as outdoor exposure, QUV, and SWO. The test results showed that the silicone/acrylic resins containing 30 wt% of MPTS had weather-resistant properties.

The high-solid coatings were prepared by blending the synthesized acrylic resin in the previous paper, and hexamethylene diisocyanate-trimer and curing it at room temperature. The characterization of the films of the prepared coatings was performed. The 60˚ specular gloss, impact resistance, cross-hatch adhesion, and heat resistance of the films proved to be good, and the pencil hardness, drying time, and pot-life proved to be slightly poor. From a viscoelastic measurement using a rigid-body pendulum, curing was accelerated with the Tg value.

Solvent-free low foaming scouring agents (LFSC) were prepared by blending of 2-ethylhexylaminoethyl sulfate (2-EHAS), POE(10) octadecylbenzyl- ammonium chloride (POBAC) and Sedlan FF-200 (FF-200). As the results of several tests, 2-EHAS/POBAC/FF-200/water (8g/12g/20g/60g) mixture (LFSC-5) showed good cleaning power, penetrating ability and stability to alkali, and gave less problem in water pollution. The foaming power of LFSC-5 measured by Ross and Miles method was 8mm foam height immediately after foaming, and that measured by Ross and Clark method was less than 300mm foam height at 30℃, and 18mm at 80℃. As a result, LFSC-5 proved a good low foaming scouring agent for fiber.

The aim of this study is to synthesis basic resins for the preparation of PU flame-retardant coatings that contain phosphorus and chlorine. After synthesizing intermediates of tetramethylene bis(orthophophate) (TMBO) and neohexanediol trichlorobenzoate (TBA-adduct), the condensation polymerization was performed with the intermediates, 1,4-butanediol, and adipic acid to obtain four-component copolymers. In the condensation polymerization, the content of phosphorus was fixed to be 2%, and the content of trichlorobenzoic acid (TBA) that provides chlorine component was varied to be 10, 20, and 30wt%, and we designated the prepared modified polyesters containing chlorine and phosphorus as TTBA-10C, TTBA-20C and TTBA-30C. Average molecular weight and polydispersity index of the prepared TTBAs decreased with increasing TBA content because of the increase in the number of hydroxyl groups that retards reaction. We found that the thermal stability of the prepared TTBAs increased with chlorine content at high temperatures.

In the previous study, three kinds of monomers and the functional monomer, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM), which could improve the film property and cross-linkage, were polymerzied into acrylic resin copolymers (HSA-98-20, HSA-98-0, HSA-98+20) containing 80% solid content. In this study, the high-solid coatings(HSA-98-20C, HSA-98-0C, HSA-98+20C) were prepared by the curing reaction between acrylic resins containing 80% solid content and isocyanate at room temperature. Various properties were examined for the film coated with the prepared high-solid coatings. The introduction of AAEM in the coatings enhanced the abrasion resistance and solvent resistance of coatings, which indicated the possible use of high-solid coatings for top-coating materials of automobile. The curing times measured by viscoelastic measurement were 350, 264, and 212 min for HSA-98-20C, HSA-98-0C, and HSA-98+20C, respectively. This shows that the curing times become shorter with increasing Tg values.

Acrylic resins (HSCs : EA/EMA/2-HEMA/CLA) which contain 70% solid content were synthesized by the copolymerization of monomers (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, and ethyl methacrylate) and functional monomer (caprolactone acrylate : CLA) which improves the crosslinking density and physical properties of films. The physical properties of the prepared acrylic resins (HSCs) containing CLA, are as follows : viscosity 245~515 cps ; Mn 2670~2840 ; and conversions, 83~91%, respectively. From the correlation of Tg values, viscosities, and Mn of the HSCs, it was found that viscosity and Mn increased with Tg value.

염분에 대한 두줄망둑의 내성범위를 파악하기 위한 일환으로 이들의 생존, 성장 및 산소소비에 미치는 염분의 영향을 40일간 사육실험을 통하여 검토하였다. 두줄망둑의 생존율은 염분 10.1‰ 이상에서 90%이상을 나타냈으나, 염분 3.4‰ 이하에서는 유의한 감소를 나타냈고, 담수에서는 40일째 32.5%의 생존율을 보였다. 체장과 체중의 증가 및 성장률은 13.4∼33.6%o의 염분 범위에서 유사

The high-solid coatings were prepared by blending the synthesized acrylic resin in the previous paper and hexamethylene diisocyanate-trimer and curing it at room temperature. The characterization of the films of the prepared coatings was performed. The impact resistance, 60℃ specular gloss, cross-hatch adhension, and heat resistance of the films proved to be good, and the pencil hardness and drying time proved to be slightly poor. Especially, there was a remarkable improvement in the heat resistance. This improvement may stem from the regular arrangement of ethyl groups introduced into the acrylic resin. From a viscoelastic measurement using a rigid-body pendulum, curing was accelerated with the Tg value. With the increase in Tg, log damp value was lowered and dynamic viscoelasic Tg of a cured film was increased.

연안지역의 환경오염 및 양식용수의 이용과정에 파생될 수 있는 구리의 오염에 따른 넙치의 생존, 대사율, 사료효율 및 성장율에 미치는 구리의 영향을 검토하였다. 4개의 아치사구리 농도(50, 80, 180, 320 μg L-1)에서 6주동안 실험하였다. 실험기간 동안 넙치는 대조구에서는 실험종료시 까지 사망개체가 전혀 나타나지 않아 100%의 생존율을 나타내었다. 구리 노출농도 180 μg L-

Environmental friendly acrylics/urea high-solid paints (BEHCU) were prepared through the curing reaction of acrylics resin(BEHC) containing 70wt% of solids content and butylated urea curing agent. BEHC was synthesized by addition copolymerization of caprolactone acrylate(CLA), 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate(2-HPMA), ethyl methacrylate, and n-butyl acrylate. The addition polymerization of these monomers, especially including flexible CLA monomer and 2-HPMA monomer with OH funtional group, under appropriate reaction conditions resulted in polymers with controlled glass transition temperature(Tg) and crosslinking density. The molecular weight(Mw) of these polymers(BEHCs) was 2940~3240 and polydispersity (Mw/Mn) was in the range of 1.61~1.72. The viscosity and the molecular weight of these acrylic resins increased with increasing Tg. The coated films were prepared using curing reaction between BEHC resin and butylated urea curing agent at 100℃ for 30 minutes. Our experimental resulted showed that enhancement of the coating properties such as adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, water resistance, and abrasion resistance could be expected through introducing CLA component in acrylic resin for the high-solid content acrylics/urea coatings.

To prepare an environmental friendly high-solid coatings an acrylic resin containing 80% of solid content was synthesized by addition polymerization of caprolactone acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The conversion was 78~93% and the prepared resin's physical properties are as follows: viscosity, 212~3424cps: Mn 1740~2400. There was a trend that viscosity and molecular weight of the resin increased with Tg, but no direct proportionality was observed.