Yin and Yang are a general idea to understand phenomenon and human body. Specially in medicine, the principle of Yin and Yang is clinical and positive. As the principle of Yin and Yang, the human body can be seperated two parts; male-female, upward-downward, front-rear, left-right, interior-exterior, inside-outside and heat-cold, input-output, contraction-relaxation, hard-soft, active-pasive, weekness-strong and old-young, white-black, fat-lean, high-low, long-short, spirit-body. But, Yin and Yang are facing and interchanging each other. Summaries of a study on the means of yin and yang in Naekyoung and Waekyung chapter of DongEuiBoKahm are as follows. 1. Yin and Yang represent Objects . They represent natural phenomena; for example the situation of weather and time is expressed by them. . They represent urinary organ, anus, genital organ. . They represent the five viscera and the six entrails and their functions. . They represent male and female. . They represent fat and lean. 2. Activity and Inactivity are represented by Yin and Yang. ；They mean increasing of temperature by activity and decreasing of temperature by inactivity. . They mean the movement and activity of Ki 3. Yin expresses formation and Yang expresses functions. . Ki and it's functions are expressed by Yin and Yang. . Body fluid, blood and fundamental nutrition are expressed by Yin and Yang ；Organic system of human body and functions of organs are expressed by Yin and Yang. 4. The directions in human body and direction of Ki are expressed by Yin and Yang ；Inside and Outside of human body are expressed by Yin and Yang. . Emission and contraction is expressed by Yin and Yang. ․Upper and lower side of human body are separated by Yin and Yang. ․Upward and downward flow of Qi is expressed by Yin and Yang. . They represent KyungNak, YoungKi, WeKyung.a

본 연구에서는 고주파 유도경화처리한 중탄소강의 회전접촉 피로거동을 0.44wt.%C강과 0.55wt.%C강을 사용하여 조사하였다. 회전접촉 피로시험은 Polymet RCF-1 시험기에서 탄성유체 윤활 조건으로 회전속도 8,000rpm, 최대 Hertz응력 492kg/mm2을 가하면서 실시하였다. 미세한 lath마르텐사이트가 고주파 유도경화한 0.44wt.%C강과 0.55wt.%C강의 표면경화층에 형성되었고 소량의 페라이트가 일부 형성되었으며 0.44wt.%C강과 0.55wt.%C에 비해 비교적 큰 페라이트가 나타났다. 회전접촉 피로시험 후 표면경도가 거의 유지되는 표면경화층에서 회전접촉 피로시험전에 비해 경도가 상승하였다. 이 경도증가량의 최대치(δ Hvmax)와 피로수명과의 관계를 조사한 결과 0.55wt.%C강이 0.44wt.%C강에 비해 회전접촉 피로중에 일어나는 소변형에 대한 높은 저항성에 주로 기인하여 δ Hvmax값은 낮게 나타나고 피로수명은 높게 나타났다.

In this paper, possibility of cracks in fast hardening track has been analyzed with consideration of shrinkage of fast hardening concrete. To evaluate tensile stress on fast hardening track, the analysis considers restrain effects by frictions due to subgrade and rail fastener. The analysis results indicated that the maximum tensile stress in fast hardening track increased as the continuous casting length of fast hardening concrete increased. To prevent cracks due to shrinkage, it was investigated that the continuous casting length be less than 66.9 m.

In this paper, an experimental program has been conducted to investigate shrinkage of fast hardening concrete (FHC) which is used to replace the existing ballasted track with concrete track. In the test, curing method was considered as a test variable. The test results indicated that autogenous shrinkage was dominant on FHC while drying shrinkage was negligible. To represent shrinkage of FHC, a new model has been proposed through regression of the test results.

Incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) is regarded as a valuable resource having great potential for the recycling ofphosphorus. The P content of ISSA is known as around 10% as a P. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigatethe precipitation and separation characteristics of phosphorus from the acid-extracted solution of ISSA. The incineratedsewage sludge ash was leached by 1N sulfuric acid with solid/liquid ratio of 10 for 30min. The extracted solutioncontained about 1.1% of P and other metals, Al, Fe, Ca and Mg, with over than 1,000mg/L. Some heavy metals suchas Cu, Pb and Cr are presented as impurities as well. Most of Al and Fe in the extracted solution were precipitated withP when titrating it to pH 3.6. The precipitated form were assumed to AlPO4, FePO4·2H2O respectively, and Pb and Crwere precipitated in this stage as well. At this experiment, about 62.9% of the initial P was precipitated and removedfrom the solution. It was also find that all of the P extracted can not be recovered as a precipitate with a simple additionof NaOH, even though titrated to pH 11.6. The precipitated P also contained some impurities such as Al, Fe, and someheavy metals, which means that further researches are needed for the efficient separation and recovery of P from ISSA.

기능성 게임(serious games)은 게임에 대한 국내의 부정적인 담론에 대해 긍정적이고 새로운 관점을 제시할 수 있는 대안으로 떠오르고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 기능성 게임 연구에 다양성을 확보하기 위해 교육과 건강 게임에 비해 다소 논의가 부족한 사회변화를 목적으로 하는 게임에 초점을 맞추었다. 본 논문의 목적은 이론적 접근을 토대로 게임이 사회적 문제 해결을 위한 메시지 전달, 인식이나 행동 전환에 있어 강력한 도구가 될 수 있음을 밝히고, 관련 게임 개발 시 고려해야 할 사항을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 관련된 개념들을 정리하고 사회변화 게임 사례에 적용된 요인들을 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 게임의 역할취득과 시뮬레이션 방식이 타인이나 타인이 처한 상황 또는 특정 사회에 대한 이해 및 소통에 있어서 효과가 있는 것으로 드러났다. 또한 사회적 또는 정치적 문제와 관련한 인식의 변화나 이타적인 행동을 이끌어내는 심리적 기제인 공감을 이끌어내는데 있어서도 탁월한 수단이 될 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.