To cultivate pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) artificially, co-cultivation with microorganisms has been introduced. Here, experiments were performed to assess the growth-promoting effect of bacteria on T. matsutake mycelia. Bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected in Yangyang County, Korea. Four of the bacterial isolates (Y22_B06, Y22_B11, Y22_B18, and Y22_B22) exhibited a growth-promoting effect on T. matsutake mycelia (154.67%, 125.91%, 134.06%, and 158.28%, respectively). To analyze the characteristics of the bacteria, especially the antifungal activity, -amylase and cellulase activity assays were performed. In comparison with the controls, the isolated bacteria exhibited low -amylase and cellulase activity. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to identify the four bacterial isolates. The isolates belonged to the Terrabacteria group and were identified as Microbacterium paraoxydans, Paenibacillus castaneae, Peribacillus frigoritolerans, and P. butanolivorans. These bacterial isolates are expected to have contributed to the growth promotion of T. matsutake mycelia and the artificial cultivation of T. matsutake.

This study was conducted to develop a renewable and sustainable bio-material to replace polystyrene (EPS) in fungal-mycelium-based composite using agricultural by-products. Four mushrooms (Ganoderma lucidum, Fomitella fraxinea, Phellinus linteus, and Schizophyllum commune) were cultured in an oak sawdust plus rice bran substrate to select the mushroom with the best growth. The mycelia of G. lucidum showed the best growth. To investigate the optimal mixing ratio with spent mushroom substrate (SM) and oak sawdust (OS), samples were prepared by mixing SM and OS at ratios of 50%:50%, 60%:40%, and 80%:20% (w/w). Each substrate was then inoculated with G. lucidum. G. lucidum showed the best mycelial growth of 140.0 mm in the substrate with SM and OS mixed at a 60%:40% ratio. It was also found that the substrate with SM and OS mixed at a 60%:40% ratio had the best handling properties. The compressive strength of mycelial materials inoculated with G. lucidum was in the range of 300–302 kgf mm-1, and the materials were four times stronger than polystyrene materials. These results indicate that substrates comprising spent mushroom substrate mixed with oak sawdust can be successfully upcycled to mycelium-based composite materials using G. lucidum. This represents a sustainable approach.

The study will design the structural optimization of 30W LED heat sink using the thermal conductive plastic materials. The advantages of thermal conductive plastic heat sink are having formability and being able to lighten products. A heat sink was optimized in terms of the number, and the thickness of fins and the base thickness of the heat sink, using the Heatsinkdesigner software. Also by using SolidWorks Flow simulation and thermal analysis software, the thermal characteristics of the heat sink were analyzed. As the result, the optimized heat sink has 22 fins, which are 1.5mm thick and a 3.8mm-thick base. The weight of the heat sink was 310g, and the highest and the lowest temperature were 64.93℃ and 45.96℃ respectively. Because of the low thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive plastic, the highest and the lowest temperature of the thermal conductive plastic heat sink were 14.3℃ higher and 2.19℃ lower respectively than an aluminum heat sink

This study analyzed the thermal properties of a thermal conductive polymer polyethylene terephthalate(PET) to make it into a heat sink and evaluated the temperature properties of 10W COB(chip on board) LED(Ligth Emitting Diode) as a heat sink. This study confirmed the composition and content of inorganic compounds in PET. As a result, carbon filler content of Samples A and B accounted for 73.93 and 61.46%, respectively. Sample B included 10% more inorganic filler(Al, Mg, Si, Ca), and its thermal conductivity was 10.9 W/mk higher than Sample A. Based on the material properties, this study compared the heat dissipation properties of 10W COB LED between PET and aluminum heat sinks. As a result, the maximum temperature of PET heat sink was 4.4℃ higher than that of aluminum heat sink, and the minimum temperature outside PET heat sink was 13.6℃ lower than that of aluminum heat sink. Based on these results, PET heat sinks are inferior to aluminum heat sinks in thermal properties. However, it is considered possible to realize various designs because they have excellent formability and lightweight properties due to the lower melting point and specific gravity