The purpose of this study is to supply available data for men's fashion design planning by analyzing the trend and design tendency of the preppy look in the domestic men's collection. In the men's collection of Seoul fashion week from 2011 S/S to 2015 S/S, 494 photos judged to be the preppy look by three design specialists were chosen in Seoul fashion week and style.com’s web-site. Design analyses were compiled based on year, season, brands, item, color, material, and silhouette. The preppy look was found often in S/S season, three piece combinations were the most common, and “H”, “I” silhouettes were also popular. Refined black and refreshing orange were used with traditional preppy colors like navy, beige, gray, and white. Contrast color arrangement and neutral, moderate tones were seen repeatedly. Two-thirds of fabrics were pattern-less with clean, bulky, and soft textures. Coordinating accessories like hats, backpacks, books, headsets were used frequently. Among the various preppy fashion types, there were ‘traditional preppy’ faithful to tradition, ‘sophisticated preppy’ with refined semi-formal look, ‘sportive preppy’ with active sports sense, and ‘natural preppy’ with natural and comfortable senses. In a contemporary preppy look, traditional and practical senses are combined with casual and sportive pieces. This study can provide the data for design planning, interpreting, and applying the fashion themes along with contemporary sensibilities since the preppy look is based on cultural history.

The new rotary friction damper was developed using several two-nodal rotary frictional components with different clamping forces. Because of these components, the rotary friction damper can be activated by building movements due to lateral forces such as a wind and earthquake. In this paper, various dependency tests such as displacement amplitude, forcing frequency and long term cyclic loading were carried out to evaluate on the structural performance and the multi-slip mechanism of the new damper. Test results show that the multi-slip mechanism is verified and friction coefficients are dependent on displacement amplitute and forcing frequency except long term cyclic loading.

Various hybrid dampers have been developed in Korea to control the vibration due to a wind and earthquake. In order to minimize the installment space, cost and construction process, the new hybrid friction damper is developed. This hybrid damper is composed of several rotary friction components having two frictional joint. Because of these components, the building vibration due to wind and earthquake can be mitigated by hybrid friction damper. In this paper, various dependency tests were carried out to evaluate on the structural performance of two joint rotational friction component of the hybrid damper. Test results show that two joint rotational components do not depend on a displacement and a frequency of forcing but friction coefficients is reducing as a clamping force is increasing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore learner's debriefing experience in team-based nursing simulation. Methods: Participants were 8 students in undergraduate nursing program at a university in Korea. All students were place in setting of team-based nursing simulation. Data were collected October 2015 to December 2015, through in-depth interviews and analyzed using Colizzi phenomenological method. Result: Three essential themes were extract as follows 1) learner’s reflection on their teambased practicum in simulation education 2) negative feeling of being engaged in debriefing through recorded video-sharing 3) request to run debriefing for development of simulation education. Conclusion: As the results of showed, debriefing of nursing simulation was important to improve nursing competency. However, the debriefing of simulation education need to consider negative feelings. These results through students’ data debrifing would help develop nursing simulation, specially debriefing in the simulation education process.

The purpose of this study is to develop a design as a high value-added exportable industrial product by developing a cultural product, that can be accepted as having universal beauty by people in the Western cultural area. This is done by, re-analyzing it from a modern perspective after applying the color representation, used in pop art, to Shin Saimdang’s Chochungdo (草蟲圖, insects on flowers) which clearly expresses Korea’s national emotion and aesthetic consciousness. The research method depends upon developing cultural products such as scarfs, neckties, handkerchiefs, and folding fans, which are communicated in the global market The expressive technique of pop art is utilized after reconstructing the color sensation of pop art in the aesthetic dimension of the natural, physical, and formative beauty of Chochungdo based on the whole understanding of our country’s genre of Chochungdo and Western pop art. With regard to the colors in the developed design, the basic colors were extracted and applied by selecting 10 pieces in the flower series, which were made with the silkscreen printmaking technique in the 1970s by Andy Warhol, a master in pop art. A work that integrates pop art, a global art trend, with Korean traditional culture is expected to highlight Korean traditional culture in the global cultural era.

There has been an increasing demand for effective on-line English teacher education programs due to the advantages including cost efficiency and easy access. Despite the provision of a variety of on-line English teacher education programs, only a small number of studies on on-line in-service education program for English teachers have been carried out. This study aims to provide a basic model of on-line in-service English language teacher education based on the critical awareness. To do this, previous studies on on-line in-service English language teacher education in Korea and abroad were critically reviewed and key issues were derived. They are top-down approach to on-line teacher education curriculum development, unsustainability of teacher education, disconnection of teacher education to practice, insufficient establishment of community of practice, and deficiency of reflection on teaching practice. Three on-line English teacher education programs were selected and evaluated by using these key issues. It is suggested that bottom-up approach to curriculum development, establishment of community of practice for the sustainability of teacher education, and reflective learning for connecting teacher education to real classroom practice be included as key components for effective on-line teacher education.

Various hybrid dampers have been developed as increasing tall buildings in Korea. To minimize the installment space and cost, the new hybrid friction damper was developed using friction components. It is composed of two one-nodal rotary frictional components and a slotted bolted frictional connection. Because of these components, hybrid friction damper can be activated by building movements due to lateral forces such as a wind and earthquake. In this paper, displacement amplitude dependency tests were carried out to evaluate on the structural performance and the multi-slip mechanism of the hybrid damper. Test results show that the multi-slip mechanism is verified and friction coefficients are increasing as displacement amplitudes are increasing.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify instructor’s experience on debriefing of nursing simulation education Methods: The participants were nine instructors in simulation-based nursing education. Data were collected from May, 2015 to June, 2015, through in-depth interviews and were analyzed on the basis of Colaizzi’s phenomenological methodology. Results: Three essential themes were extracts that were as follows 1) Instructors’ reflection on their teaching of debriefing in education 2) Determining the effects of debriefing in the simulation-based nursing education 3) Devoting one’s efforts for successful debriefing Conclusion: Debriefing is built on instructors’ reflection of how the debriefing process can be applied in simulation-based nursing education; this process can provide a practical understanding of nursing students, educational contents, and educational environments. Successful debriefing for enhanced nursing competency requires instructors’ effects to identify and deal with educational problems by reflecting on their teaching experience.

본 연구에서는 저층 조적채움벽 철근콘크리트 골조 구조물의 내진보강 전과 후에 대하여 강제 진동 실험과 상시 진동 계측을 수행하였으며 시스템 식별과정을 통하여 구조물의 동특성을 구하고 해당 구조물과 유사한 동특성을 보이는 해석 모델을 만들었다. 시스템 식별 결과 댐퍼가 설치된 x방향의 감쇠비가 증가되었으며, 해석 모델과 비교한 결과 추가 설치된 부재들(전단벽과 댐퍼)의 유효 강성은 부재의 총단면 강성의 50%만이 발현되어 해당 부재들이 기존의 구조물이나 부재와 완전히 일체화되지는 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 추가 설치된 기초의 y방향 구속조건을 핀으로 하여야 동특성을 일치시킬 수 있었는데, 이는 새로운 기초가 설치되며 해당 지질의 특성이 변화되었기 때문으로 보인다.

멸종위기 야생동물의 서식지 특성 이해는 종과 서식지를 보전하기 위해 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 GIS를 이용하여 멸종위기종인 삵의 서식지 특성을 조사하였다. GIS 분석을 위하여 삵의 위치자료와 11개의 환경 인자를 이용하였고, GIS분석을 위한 연구대상지로 오대산국립공원을 선정하였다. 연구 결과 삵은 오대산국립공원의 일반적인 숲 구성에 해당하는 활엽수림, 수관밀도 밀밀도, 영급 5영급, 경급 중경목 지역을 선호하였다. 그러나 삵은 오대산국립공원 평균 고도(901.4m)보다 높은 고도(1,045m)와 오대산 평균 경사도(22.1°) 보다 낮은 경사도(15.7°)를 선호했다. 본 논문의 연구결과와 선행된 연구결과와 비교를 통해, 삵이 선호하는 서식지 환경에 대한 포괄적으로 범위를 결정할 수 있다. 삵은 수목연령은 5-6영급, 고도는 800-1100 m 경사도는 15-24°, 사면향은 남서향, 수계로부터의 거리는 200-300 m, 주거지나 농경지로부터는 1400 m 이상 떨어진 지점을 선호하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

In this study, cobalt nanopowder is fabricated by sonochemical polyol synthesis and magnetic separation method. First, sonochemical polyol synthesis is carried out at 220oC for up to 120 minutes in diethylene glycol (C4H10O3). As a result, when sonochemical polyol synthesis is performed for 50 minutes, most of the cobalt precursor (Co(OH)2) is reduced to spherical cobalt nanopowder of approximately 100 nm. In particular, aggregation and growth of cobalt particles are effectively suppressed as compared to common polyol synthesis. Furthermore, in order to obtain finer cobalt nanopowder, magnetic separation method using magnetic property of cobalt is introduced at an early reduction stage of sonochemical polyol synthesis when cobalt and cobalt precursor coexist. Finally, spherical cobalt nanopowder having an average particle size of 22 nm is successfully separated.

This study was performed to determine the optimal composition of muffins added with dropwort powder, egg and sugar. The experiment was designed based on BBD (Box-behnken design), and evaluation was carried out by means of RSM (response surface methodology), consisting of 13 experimental points with three replicates each for three independent variables dropwort powder, eggs and sugar. Using F-test, height, moisture, 1,1-diphenyl-2picriylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, L-value, a-value, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, brittleness, color, and appearance acceptability were expressed as a linear model, whereas pH, b-value, flavor, taste, and texture were expressed as a quadratic model. After swallow and overall acceptability were expressed as a 2FI model. As dropwort powder content increased, 1,1-diphenyl-2picriylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity increased. Increasing amounts of dropwort powder led to reduction of sensory scores for color, appearance, flavor, taste, and texture quality. The optimum formulation determined by the numerical and graphical methods were similar: dropwort powder 6 g, egg 77 g, and sugar 60 g.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore instructor's experience on nursing simulation education Methods: The participants in this study were 10 instructors at a university in Korea. They had teaching experience of simulation education in various parts of curriculum. Data were collected from October, 2014 to December, 2014, through in-depth interviews and were analyzed on the basis of Colaizzi’s phenomenological methodology. Results: Four essential themes were extracts that were as follows 1) Came across obstacles about use of the simulator 2) Need of instructors’ preparation for the simulation education is required 3) The simulation education conditions are in need of improvement 4) Need of efforts required to strengthen competency as professional nurses Conclusion: Even though at times the education was not carried out smoothly from simultor and education condition, the instructors felt the need for the simulation education in nursing and realized that instructors preparation and simulation education conditions were in need of improvement. Furthermore, the instructors thought the need of further efforts for the students to strengthen their nursing competency as professional nurses. Such understanding of the instructors’ experience, therefore, will be applied to the course of education, which will help maximize the effects of the simulation education and contribute to the necessary improvement required through the curriculum.

Hydrophilic SiO2 layers were obtained by the atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment. Superhydrophobic SiO2 layers were first deposited by the electrospray deposition method. The electrospunable solution that was prepared based on the solgel method was sprayed on Si (100) substrates. The surface of the electrosprayed SiO2 layers consisted of the agglomeration of nano-sized grains, which led to a very high roughness and revealed a very high contact angle to water droplets over 162˚. After having been exposed to the atmospheric Ar/O2 plasma, the observed superhydrophobicity of the SiO2 layers were greatly changed: a dramatic variation of the water contact angle from 162˚ to 3˚, namely realization of superhydrophillicity. Interestingly, the surface microstructure was almost preserved. According to the XPS analysis, it is more likely that thanks to the plasma exposure, the surface of SiO2 layers will be cleaned in terms of organic species that are hydrophobic-inducing, consequently leading to the hydrophilic nature observed for the plasma-exposed SiO2 layers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the first learning experiences of undergraduate nursing students in team based high-fidelity simulation. Methods: The participants in this study were 13 undergraduate students at a university in Korea. The students were place in a setting of high-fidelity simulation to manage neurological patients. Data were collected from August, 2013 to September, 2013, through in-depth interviews and were analyzed on the basis of Colaizzi’s phenomenological methodology. Results: Five essential themes were extracts that were as follows 1) Thoughts about patients through the training manikin 2) Feeling of being engaged in practical training 3) Recognition of the importance of the team and teammates 4) Evaluation and analysis of the education content 5) Prospects of improving the capacity for nursing practice. Conclusion: Although the students experienced simulation practicum for the first time, it was noticeable that they tried to actively utilize their theoretical knowledge on the training high-fidelity manikin during simulation practicum. Also, it was observed that they recognized the importance of cooperating with their teammates through team role-playing, assuming a professional attitude as a result. Furthermore, analysis on the content of the education and self-evaluation would help foster the capacity to provide total care for patients.

The friction damper can be used for improving the seismic resistance of existing buildings. The damper is often installed in bracing members. The energy dissipation capacity of the damping systems depends on the type of the structure, the configuration of the bracing members, and the property of dampers. In Korea, there are numerous low- to mid-rise reinforced concrete moment frames that were constructed considering only gravity loads. Those frames may be vulnerable for future earthquakes. To resolve the problem, this study developed a toggle bracing system with a high density friction damper. To investigate the improvement of reinforced concrete frames after retrofit using the developed damped system, experimental tests were conducted on frame specimens with and without the damped system. The results showed that the maximum strength, initial stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the framed with the damped system were much larger than those of the frame without the damped system.

Pt has been widely used as catalyst for fuel cell and exhausted gas clean systems due to its high catalytic activity.Recently, there have been researches on fabricating composite materials of Pt as a method of reducing the amount of Pt due toits high price. One of the approaches for saving Pt used as catalyst is a core shell structure consisting of Pt layer on the core ofthe non-noble metal. In this study, the synthesis of Pt shell was conducted on the surface of TiO2 particle, a non-noble material,by applying ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Anatase TiO2 particles with the average size of 20~30 nm were immersed in the eth-anol dissolved with Pt precursor of H2PtCl6·6H2O and exposed to UV irradiation with the wavelength of 365 nm. It was con-firmed that Pt nano-particles were formed on the surface of TiO2 particles by photochemical reduction of Pt ion from the solution.The morphology of the synthesized Pt@TiO2 nano-composite was examined by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy).

퍼플루오르옥탄설포네이트를 LC/MS/MS를 이용하여 분석한 결과 분석 대상물질의 고유한 스팩트럼을 얻어 정량 하여 머므름 시간은 4.33분이었으며 상관계수(R2)은 0.9998 로 양호한 직선상의 그래프를 얻을 수 있었다. 퍼플루오르옥탄설포네이트에 대한 분석법의 회수율은 99.84%로 전반적으로 좋은 회수율을 보였으며 또한 이 연구에 적용되기에 충분한 정밀도와 정확도를 가지고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 퍼플루오르옥탄설포네이트 정량한계 및 검출한계 는 0.03, 0.009 ug/L이었다. 따라서 식품 용기포장재에서의 분석에 적용이 가능하였다.

영남육괴 북동부에 분포하는 쥐라기 심성암체들은 유라시아대륙의 동북부지역 아래로 고태평양판의 섭입에 의해서 야기된 활발했던 화성활동의 산물이다. 지화학적 연구를 통하여 이 지역에 분포하는 화강암류의 성인과 지구조환경을 유추하여 보았다. 영남육괴 북동부에 위치하는 울진화강암류는 비알칼리(subalkaline)영역에 속하는 칼크-알칼리(calc-alkaline)계열로, 분화에 따른 주성분원소의 변화 경향은 전반적으로 다른 지역의 쥐라기 화강암류의 분화 경향과 유사하게 나타나지만, 각 암체의 분화경향이나 화학조성을 살펴볼 때 각 암체의 마그마 근원물질은 서로 다른 것으로 사료된다. 울진화강암류는 연구지역 주변에 분포하는 다른 화강암류와 비교하여 Al2O3의 함량 및 Cr, Co, Ni, Sr, Y, Nb 등 미량원소의 함량에서 뚜렷한 차이를 보인다. 울진화강암류의 지화학적 특징은 높은 Al2O3, Sr 함량과 높은 Sr/Y, La/Yb비를 가지며, 낮은 Y과 Yb함량과 같은 슬랩용융(slab-melting)으로 생성된 아다카이트에서 흔히 관찰되는 지화학적 특성을 나타낸다. 울진화강암류의 주성분원소(SiO2, Al2O3, MgO) 및 미량원소(Sr, Y, La, Yb) 함량 범위는 아다카이트질 화강암의 범주에 포함되며, 지화학적 특성, 지구조환경 및 관입시기가 일본의 북서부 Hida belt에 위치한 Yatsuo심성암체와 유사하다. 연구지역의 암석의 희토류원소 패턴은 경희토류가 중희토류에 비해 부화((La/Yb)CN=10.6-103.4)되어 나타나며, Eu의 부(-)이상을 보이지 않는다. ANK vs. A/CNK과 지구조판별도에서 화강암류의 모마그마는 I-type의 화산호 화강암의 특성을 나타내며, 이자나기(Izanagi)판의 섭입에 의한 압축장 응력이 작용하는 대륙연변부에서 생성된 것으로 해석된다.

In the present work, ZnO nanofibers were applied to electrode materials for the detection of cholesterol. ZnO nanofibers were synthesized using the electrospinning technique with zinc acetate as a precursor. Electrospinning-synthesized ZnO nanofibers were uniformly distributed by properly controlling the electrospinning parameters. After the calcination treatment, nanofibers of pure ZnO phase were synthesized. Then, these fibers were successfully placed on Au-coated glass substrates by dispersion of ZnO nanofibers in ethanol, dropping, and drying, in sequence. Cholesterol oxidase was then immobilized onto the surface of the ZnO nanofibers. To enhance the immobilization, Nafion was additionally applied. The sensing performances of the fabricated ZnO nanofibers-based sensors were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry in terms of cholesterol concentration ranging from 100 to 400 mg/dl. In the I-V curves, measured by cyclic voltammetry, the ZnO nanofiber-based sensor showed a proportional current behavior with cholesterol concentrations in phosphate buffered saline solution. The sensitivity was measured and found to be 30.7nA/mM·cm2, which is comparable to the values reported in the literature. After not only optimizing the shape of the ZnO nanofibers but also improving the adhesion nature between the ZnO nanofibers and the Au conducting layer, these fibers can be a good candidate for electrode materials in devices used to detect low concentrations of cholesterol in blood.