In this study, we attempted to elucidate the cultural characteristics of Korean food based on a traditional understanding on the Korean novel. To achieve this, food characteristics related to 'rites of passage' were analyzed in the representative Korean literary work "Hon-bool", which describes the life of a first-son's wife every three generations in the going to ruin but historic 'Lee's family of Maean district' family and the life of the common 'Geomeong-gul' people who lived with farming on the Lee's land at Namwon of Junbook province in the 1930~1940s, during the Japanese Colonial rule. Every nation possesses rites of passage at important points in life, such as at birth, age of majority, wedding and death. Korean culture, in particular, has several memorial rites relating to birth, death and passage into the afterlife in which special foods are prepared. In this manner, ceremonial foods represent the Korean peoples' traditional vision of the universe and life. The book "Hon-bool" describes these traditions. Especially, the book describes the table-settings related to the main character's childbirth, first birthday, wedding and death. Therefore "Hon-bool" represents a living history of Korean traditional food and the work of storytelling through the traditional understanding is expected that perform an important role in making of cultural contents of Korean foods.

Developing carbohydrate fat replacer as materials for low-calorie and low-fat food made of Korean potato, it is expected that the new demand of fat replacer will be created. Potato starch was modified by chemical modification. Observing modified starch(treated in different method) by SEM, EZ(treated by enzyme) showed shape of deformed round oval, AC(treated by acetylation,), HPR(treated by hydropropylation) showed shape similar to that of NL(N-Lite), the commercial fat replacer. In the modified starch such as AC, peak in B and C type similar to those of general starch was found, but EZ showed non-crystalline shape. Compared to other modified starch, HPR, the chemically produced denatured starch showed very peculiar peak and structure in V-form. While the order of contents of amylopectin was in the order HPR 〉 EZ 〉 AC showed extremely high contents. Measuring the degree of gelatinization per the modified method, the degree of gelatinization of HPR as much higher than others. The water binding activity of modified starch was 240% in HPR. Measuring viscosity by producing general starch and modified starch as gel of 10% concentration, the CPS showed very high viscosity of 30.30 × 103 cp. Showing viscosity of 38.60, 31.60 103 × cp, the modified starch was in the order of HPR. While the calorie of starch of GPS was measured to be 3.0 Kcal/g, very low calorie those of chemically modified starch, HPR showed 2.5 Kcal/g respectively, suggesting that calorie is decreased by modified treatment. The appropriateness of processing food was experimented by substituting the existing oil and fat containing food with saturated gel of starch and modified starch in constant rate through utilization of modified starch. Therefore, research and development for materials and related products which maintain the existing quality and reduce fat contents will be constantly performed in the future.

This study was designed to establish Korean food culture by considering traditional fruit preserve. A historical approach of traditional fruit preserve were reviewed by the cooking book published from 1670 to 1988 in Korea. The results obtained from this study are as follows. Cooking method of fruit preserve was firstly published to Omshikdimibang in 1670 and published moderate cooking book in 1988 but fruit preserve has not been cooked yet. Cooking method of fruit juice and starch had been started in Samkuk dynasty and was completed in Lee Dynasty. Compared with the western fruit jelly, mung bean starch was used as a gel forming material in Korean traditional fruit preserve while gelatin was used as a gelling agent in western fruit jelly. Western fruit jelly was succeed in innovation, but traditional fruit jelly was failed to innovation.

This study was carried on the quality characteristics of cake prepared with Co(com oil) containing MCT(medium chain triglycerides), which is used as a fat substitute. In tile cake prepared with MCT-CO containing 10~30% MCT, the appearance and the degree of gelatinization were similar to those of cake prepared with NS-CO(non-substituted corn ell) Cake batter prepared with MCT-CO showed higher specific gravity and consistency than those of cake prepared with NS-CO and increased by increasing MCT contents. The baking loss of cake prepared with MCT-CO was more than that of cake prepared with NS-CO and increased by increasing MCT contents as well. The rheological properties of cake represented significant different by MCT substitution ratio(p〈0.05). Gumminess, hardness and chewiness of cake prepared with MCT-CO containing 20~30% MCT were about 2 times higher than those of cake prepared with NS-CO, while springiness and cohesiveness showed similar pattern between the cake prepared with MCT-CO or NS-CO. In sensory evaluation, appearance. color and flavor of cake prepared with CO substituted by MCT up to 100% were better assessed and the taste was better in range of 30% MCT-CO but the texture was less accepted than that of cake prepared with NS-CO.

This study was carried on the oxidative stability and the real practice possibilities in cooking of fat replacer MCT. Nowadays, it was known that fats and oils had become causes for cardiac disease, obesity and cancer, so the new materials were needed for fat substitute that has less fat contents and low calories. The food industry concerned about fats and oils had been researched and developed new and various kinds of substitute fats. MCT(medium chain triglycerides) is one of the fat based fat substitutes used as fat replacers. The POV of com germ oil(CO), soybean oil(SO), shortening(ST), butter(BT), their blended oil with MCT 10-50%(w/w), and MCT were determined and oxidative stability by POV was compared MCT with those of them. MCT has shown higher oxidative stability than CO, SO, ST, BT, so oxidative stabilities in all kinds of blended oils become higher and higher by the increased substitution ratios. In case of bread, the volume of bread prepared with MCT(MCT bread) substituted for ST at 10-40% level(w/w) were increased a little comparing to that made of shortening(ST bread). But degree of gelatinization of MCT bread were a little lower than ST bread, at the substitute ratio above 40%, the degree of gelatinization were reduced greatly. These phenomena were sustained in 9 stored days. While baking losses of MCT breads were almost same as ST bread until 30% substitute ratio, and the appearances of MCT breads were similar to ST bread until 40% substitute ratio. Also rheological properties and color(Lab) of MCT breads had shown no different significantly from ST bread until 20% substitute ratio, but by the results of sensory evaluation, overall acceptance including appearance, color, flavor, taste, texture of MCT breads were recognized almost same as ST bread by panel until 40% substitute ratio. Depends on the above results, we can suggest that 30-40% of MCT will substitute for shortening in making bread in order to reduce fat and calories intake amounts.

The flavonoids are one of the most numberous and widespread groups of natural constituents. The low molecular weight of benzo-γ-pyrone derivatives are ubiquitous in plants and are vegetables, nuts, seeds, leaves, flowers, and bark. The flavonoids constitute of a large class of compounds, ubiquitous in plants, containing a number of phenolic hydroxyl groups attached to ring structures, conferring the antioxidant activity. Epidemiologic studies suggest that the dietary intake of antioxidants constitutes a risk factor for vascular disease, indicating that oxidation may be important in the pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis. Elevated plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, LDL is oxidized by smooth muscle cells, resulting in several chemicals and physical changes of LDL. Oxidized LDL is responsible for cholesterol loading of macrophages, foam cells formation and atherogenesis. There have been insulficient tests of the protective effects of flavonoids against LDL oxidation to make definitive statements about their structure activity relationships. However, hydroxylation of the flavone nucleas can appears to be advantageous because polyhydroxylated aglycone flavonoids are potent inhibitor of LDL modification. This identification may lead to new and more effective antioxidant strategies for abrogating the atherosclerotic process, the leading cause of death and disability in industrialized societies.

중앙공무원 연수원에서 연수중인 남자 공무원 213명을 대상을 비만과 관련된 인자들을 분석하였다. 조사 대상자는 20대가 52.6%로 가장 많았고, 대부분(96%)이 대졸 출신 이상의 높은 학력 수준을 지니고 있었다. 건강과 관련된 요인들 중 운동 실태가 우수한 것으로 나타났고 흡연율도 상당히 낮았으나, 74.2%의 높은 음주율을 보였다. 한편 22.1%가 질병을 보유하고 있다고 응답하였는데, 그 중 위장질환(22명)이 가장 많았다. 조사 대상자들의 평균신장과 체중은 172.1㎝, 70.5㎏이며, BMI는 23.8, 체지방량 16.1㎏, 체지방율 21.3%, 제지방량 55.4㎏, 체수분함량 40.9㎏으로 나타났다. 비만도는 BMI 기준으로 정상(20∼25)이 64.6%로 가장 많았고, 과체중(25∼27)이 18.4%, 저체중(<20) 9.9%와 비만(>27) 7.1%의 분포를 보였으며, 체지방율은 정상(14∼23%)이 58.7%이었고, 비만(>23%) 34.7%, 저체중(<14%) 6.6%의 순으로 나타났다. BMI와 체지방율은 연령과 정의 상관관계(p<0.01)를, 결혼과는 부의 상관관계(p<0.01)를 나타냈으나 학력이나 수입 정도는 별 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 영양에 대한 지식정도에는 비만도에 따라 큰 차이가 없었으나, 비만과 관련된 식품에 대해 매우 민감한 반응을 보였다. 본 조사대상자들이 고학력임에도 불구하고 영양지식 점수가 양호하지 못하다는 점은 학교나 직장에서의 정규적인 영양교육의 필요성을 제시해준다.

Bacillus sp. GS가 생산하는 xylanase를 DEAE-Sephadex A-50 ion chromatography DEAE-Sephadex G-100 gel filtration을 통하여 정제한 후 그 특성을 조사 하였다. 최적 반응 온도와 pH는 각각 40℃, 6.5이었으며 50℃ 이하에서는 안정하였으나 그 이상이 되면 급격히 불활성화 되는 것으로 보아 열 안정성은 좋지 않음을 알 수 있었다. pH 안정성을 조사한 결과 pH 5.5에서 8.0까지는 안정하였고, 금속이온에 의한 영향을 살펴본 결과 Co^++, Cu^++에 의하여 효소의 활성이 현저히 증가함을 알 수 있었고, Hg^+에 의해서는 거의 완전히 효소의 활성이 저해됨을 알 수 있었다. 분리된 효소는 birchwood xylan을 기질로 하여 분해 산물을 분석한 결과 xylobiose가 주성분인 xylooligosaccharide를 생산하는 endo형의 효소임을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 효소는 xylan으로부터 bifidogenic factor인xylooligosaccharide를 생산하기에 적당한 효소라고 생각된다.

This study was designed to investigate age-related changes in body composition and cell mediated immunity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed stock diet ad libitum and 12 rats were sacrified at 1, 4, 6, 12 months of age. Body weight increased sharply from 1 to 4 months, and increased steadily thereafter. The weights of liver, epididymal fat pads, and kidney increased in similar pattern as body weight, but their relative ratio to body weight decreased with age. The ratio of epididymal fat pads to body weight increased with age. The weight of extensor digitorium longus, soleus and plantaris increased from 1 to 4 months, but it decreased at 6, 12 months. The protein content of muscles decreased or increased throughout 12 months. The T cell proliferation response to Con A stimulation was significantly lower at 6 months than 1 momth and lower at 12 months than 6 months.

In order to study the extraction mechanism of barley tea, some factors affecting extraction and physical properties of roasted barley and extract were examined. The main results of this study are as follows : 1. The roasted barley particles used as the raw materials were amorphous. Under the extraction condition used the average swelling ratio of the particles and imbibed volume were 1.39 and 1.65㎖/g respectively. The maximum soluble solid content in the roasted barley was 67.07%. 2. The concentrations of the barley extracts were determined by measuring their optical densitis at 420㎚ and the relationship between the concentration(C) and optical density(O. D. ) was expressed as : C = 6.178×O. D. As shown in the following relationship, the viscosities (μ: Ns/㎡) of barley extracts were influenced by concentration(C : ㎏/㎥) and temperature(T : ℃ ). μ=5.6731×10 exp (-4) e^(2.7×10 exp (-3)×C) μ=3.577×10 exp (-3) e^(-3.02×10 exp (-2)×T)