시중에 유통 중인 산화형 염모제 28건을 대상으로 접촉성피부염 유발 성분 함량 조사를 수행하여, 관련 분야에 기초자료를 제공하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 접촉성피부염을 유발하는 물질로 산화염료 10종(p-phe-nylenediamine, toluene-2,5-diamine, m-phenylenediamine, nitro-p-phenylenediamine, p-amino-phenol, m-aminophenol, o-aminophenol, p-methylaminophenol, N,Nˊ-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-phenyl-enediamine sulfate, 2-methyl-5-hydroxyethylaminophenol)과 중금속 4종(니켈; Ni, 크롬; Cr, 코발트; Co, 구리; Cu)을 선정하였다. 10종의 접촉성피부염 유발 산화염료의 함량조사를 위하여 헥산-2% 아황산나트륨을 이용하여 빠르고 간단하게 시료전처리를 하였고, 초고성능액체크로마토그래피를 이용하여 분석시간이 12 min으로 짧은 동시분석조건을 확립하였다. 분석 결과 10종의 산화염료 성분은 제품에 표기된 성분이 모두 확인되었고, 각 성분의 농도는 의약품등 표준제조규정에 제시된 사용할 수 있는 농도상한 이하로 나타났다(식품의약품안전처 고시 제2013-228호). 또한, 4종의 중금속성분을 확인하기 위하여 microwave를 이용하여 시료를 분해하였고, 유도결합플라즈마분광계를 이용하여 정량 분석하였다. 각 제품에서 중금속별 검출량은 Ni 0.572 μg/g, Cr 3.161 μg/g, Co 2.029 μg/g, Cu 0.420 μg/g이었다. 염모제의 성상별 중금속 농도를 비교한 결과 분말타입(헤나) 염모제의 평균 중금속 농도는 Ni 1.800 μg/g, Cr 10.127 μg/g, Co 7.082 μg/g, Cu 1.451 μg/g로 거품타입이나 크림타입 보다 높았다. 염모제를 흑색, 흑갈색, 갈색, 짙은 갈색, 옅은 갈색, 붉은 갈색의 6개 색상으로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 갈색의 경우 Co 농도가 가장 높고 나머지 색상에서는 모두 Cr의 농도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다.

최근 기후변화의 영향에 따른 대형화된 폭우로 인해 도시홍수 및 산사태가 발생하여 많은 인명과 재산피해가 발생하고 있다. 이러한 폭우재해에 대한 기존의 대응에는 하천, 하수도 등 전통적인 방재시설이 중요한 역할을 해왔으나, 기존의 방재시설만으로 도시 전체의 방재성능을 향상시키는 것은 경제적, 도시 환경적, 물리적으로 한계에 이르게 되었다. 따라서 도시전체의 재해영향을 비방재적 도시계획시설에 부분적으로 부담시켜 경제적이고 효과적인 도시방재가 이루어지도록 해야 할 필요성이 대두되었다. 특히 서울의 경우 공원녹지면적은 177.78㎢로 서울 전체면적의 29.37%에 이르고 있으므로 이를 지역적 방재성능 향상에 활용한다면 대형 방재시설 이상의 재해저감적응 효과를 발휘할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 생태저류 등과 같이 공원녹지에 유출저감기능을 부가시켜 일정용량의 재해방지역할을 수행하도록 하는 새로운 도시방재수법의 도입이 필요하다. 또한 도시를 실질적으로 폭우재해에 안전한 도시로 조성하기 위해서는 법제도 정비를 통해 그 기반을 확립해야 한다. 특히 도시계획시설인 공원녹지는 법제도 기반위에 결정되고, 설치되기 때문에 그 필요성이 크다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 폭우재해 저감적응을 위한 공원녹지 관련 법제도 개선 방안을 마련하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 국내외의 공원녹지 계획 및 설계와 관련된 법제도의 검토 및 비교분석을 통해 국내 법제도의 문제점을 도출하였다. 그리고 국외의 선진사례의 적용을 통한 국내의 폭우재해 저감적응을 위한 공원녹지 관련 법제도의 개선 방안을 마련하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 기후변화 및 방재적 측면을 강화하기 위한 도시계획 관련 법제도의 개선 자료로 활용 가능하며, 도시홍수의 대비 등 재해관련 정책 참고자료로 활용이 가능하다.

This paper is to contribute for management and restoration as a basic study of vegetation structure in Aemirang Hill, Nakdongjeongmaek. To verify the characteristics of vegetation structure, we set up 25 plots(100m2). The result of community analysis was used by TWINSPAN classification. The communities were classified 7 types i.e. Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Q. mongolica-Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica-Betula davurica community, Larix leptolepis community. Pinus densiflora community and Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community are progressively transforming a Quercus mongolica community that is called Pinus densiflora next succession stage. Whereas the communities that has dominant Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica did not appear a next generation succession tree such as Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus cordata in the under story and shrub layer. Therefore, Aemirang Hill's ecological succession was to maintain the status condition. Aemirang Hill's diversity index is 0.5738 to 0.8906. It were analyzed that diversity index was lower than other places.

본 연구의 목적은 학생, 학부모, 교사를 대상으로 영재상담의 전반적인 상담 실태를 파악하고, 영재상담에 관한 인식 및 요구를 분석하여 영재상담의 활성화를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 설문은 학생, 학부모, 교사에게 상담실태, 상담에 관한 인식과 요구, 그리고 영재의 영역별 특성에 따른 상담요구를 묻는 질문들로 구성하였다. 연구결과, 초등 영재의 상담은 일반 초등학생을 대상으로 상담을 할 때와는 다른 차별화된 상담이 필요하며 특히, 영재상담을 위해 가장 우선적으로 필요한 것은 영재들에게 자신의 영재성에 대해 이해하도록 돕는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이러한 영재성에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 영재의 인지적․정의적 특성들을 인식하도록 하여 이를 긍정적으로 발전시킬 수 있도록 예방적이고 발달적인 상담이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다.

This paper is performed to study for the plants ecosystems for the rural community forest of designated as natural monument. In addition, it is also proposed the plan of the rural community forest's conservation and restoration for avoiding to the destroy of indiscriminate development such as land-use, cultivation. The rural community forest is a mirror that reflect the regional culture and history, as well as environment. According to this view, undoubtedly, we need to recognise the formative background of rural community forest, the relations between the environment around and the characteristic of plants ecosystem comprehensively. For the purpose of proposing to the plan of rural village forests' conservation and restoration, therefore, this study is: 1) reviews the previous research and ancient documents, and 2) surveys the vegetation structure and the growing conditions in rural village forest directly.

This study focuses on the application of landscape planning(i.e. including rural landscape character area designation and rural landscape planning etc.). That application of landscape planning provides the probably most operable and comprehensive version of what is generally accepted by the discipline. According to the planning discipline the schemes of planning are to; Firstly, we derived the improvement of landscape and the methods of landscape characterization subsequent to analyze the present condition and grasp the landscape resources in Yesan via reviewing the current study and field survey. Secondly, in order to achieve environmentally friendly rural landscape plan and characteristic rural landscape creation, we planed the draft landscape area such as woodland, hydrology area, urbanized area, rural communities, etc. which was classified by sphere of life moreover, we planed partly outdoor facilities, road and colour suchlike. Thirdly, we tried to seek the programme of conservation and utilization for scenic and characteristic rural landscape area via rural landscape character area designation. Lastly, it is proposed that rural landscape planning lead to inhabitant participation, system improvement, subject performance for carrying out efficient rural landscape planning.

This study discusses developing ecological trails and route alignment in mountainous rural area. Through a process of ecological resources survey, ecological trails and route alignment has been established. Mainly, by focusing on ecological resources in rural areas, it was indifferent to their own ecological resource and charm to make it unique strengths. Based on survey the results, Natural ecology resources, there were the climate factor, surface, geological, terrain analysis. Furthermore, ecological resources were researched and analyzed the elements of it, distribution of resources, types, location, semantic analysis. The results are expressed on the map and recorded by taking pictures. Plant ecosystem, there were actual vegetation, land use, flora analysis. Wild animal ecosystem, it was checked and recorded on 1/1,000 map partition the emergence of wild birds, the number of species distributed by foraging guild, the emergence of amphibians, reptile, mammals and insect species. The site is chosen as rural theme village in 2007, base on their own rich ecological and landscape resources. Therefore, we carried out ecological trails and route alignment plan in accordance with analyzed the natural ecological resource and after setting up the basic goal, ecological trail has been composed and planting has done and direction.

Owing to the industrialization, the urbanization and cultivation abandonment actual condition, the most abandoned farmlands increased. Those results have occurred inefficient land use and destruction of agricultural ecosystem with the secondary succession. The research for the abandoned farmlands of Korea is fundamental phase. Also, the researches to restore abandoned farmlands are something yet to develop and not established the restoration for ecological value of abandoned farmlands. The objective of research revealed the ecological functions of abandoned farmlands and it presented an application plan. The research method divided in the literature and case study. Using abandoned farmlands, Japan government tries to create the ecological parks for the conservation of a vulnerable plant species, dragonfly biotope, environmental education and research, etc. Accordingly, the goal for the abandoned farmlands coulds be set suitably to Korean situation as of Japanese styles which are characterized by man-made biotopes.

The landscape commonly refers to the appearance of the land, including its shape, texture, and colours. Among many factors contributing to the landscape, tree and plants factors playa significant role in rural landscape as a colours. Therefore the rural traditional theme village where had been designated under the rural traditional theme village since 2007 in Naegok-ri, Eohang-myeon, Haman-gun has planned to design the tree plant planning for creating a unique rural landscape. The landscape proposal for the new Rural Village in Naegokri, Yeohang-myeon, Haman-gun suggests three main strategies; 1) The riverside area and reservoir area adjoined forest was required to be prepared to offer organization waterside landscape and forest landscape through landscape planting and selecting trees i.e. able to reflect sense of the season that promote high quality values of landscape area in rural. 2) The area adjoined stable was required to strengthen the screen planting and buffer planting with multiple plant layer structure and trees of branches and leaves closeness, shrubs of beauty flowers in order to improve disamenity landscape and odours. 3) The rural traditional theme village adjoined entrance was required to open space such as multipurpose garden, specialized or themed garden which include Landmark factors and prepared to the space with the various theme and visual diversity in order to take charge of function as landmark characteristic in Naegok-ri, Eohang-myeon, Haman-gun, and so on. In conclusion, this winning principal purpose of this study is applied to basic tree plant model for sustainable rural landscape creation in rural areas by selecting beautiful landscape plants and the tree plant planning.