Eight minerals (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn) were determined in Schizandra chinensis fruits and their infusions in Seoul. The average mineral contents per Schizandra chinensis fruits (100 g) were K (966.08 mg), Mg (87.20 mg), Ca (15.19 mg), Mn (6.19 mg), Fe (3.99 mg), Zn (2.78 mg), Na (2.15 mg) and Cu (0.31 mg) respectively by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer. The quantity of K and Zn were found significantly higher in Korean fruits than the Chinese fruits (p < 0.05). The other 6 minerals did not reveal remarkable difference. In the case of processed Schizandra chinensis tea, it had K (217 mg), Mg (20.40 mg), Ca (7.16 mg), Na (2.95 mg), Mn (1.34 mg), Fe (0.95 mg), Zn (0.25 mg) and Cu (0.09 mg) per 100 g respectively. In extraction of Schizandra chinensis fruits, as it took a longer extraction time, and in a powder form rather than a raw form, it had a higher contents of minerals. When a powder type of Schizandra chinensis fruits was extracted for 24 hours at 25℃, the transfer rate appeared with Ca (36.27%), Mn (25.44%), K (22.43%), Zn (21.00%), Na (19.91%), Mg (19.55%) Cu (13.78%) and Fe (6.45%) respectively.

본 연구는 식약공용 오미자를 메탄올 추출해 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N 함량을 확인한 후 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N 함량이 높게 나온 시료 중 하나를 선정해 오미자를 차로 음용 시 물 추출방법에 따른 생리활성 물질의 함량을 확인하였다. 추출방법은 열수 추출과 상온 침출로 추출상태, 추출온도, 추출시간을 달리하여 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N 함량을 비교하여 적절한 음용법을 제시하고자 하였다. 오미자를 원산지별 메탄올 추출물 시 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N 총 합 평균 함량은 10.57mg/g이었다. 국산 오미자 11.42 mg/g, 수입산 오미자 10.12mg/g으로 국산 오미자의 메탄올 추출물의 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N 총 합 함량이 더 높았다(p < 0.05). 메탄올 추출에서 높게 나온 오미자를 이용해 물 추출 방법에 따라 추출방법, 추출형태, 추출온도, 추출시간을 달리해 생리활성 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N의 함량을 확인한 결과 오미자 물 추출방법에서 생리활성 물질의 함량에 가장 큰 영향을 준 조건은 추출형태였다. 원형보다 분말형태로 오미자를 물 추출 시 생리활성 물질의 함량이 높게 나왔다(p < 0.05). schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N의 총 합 함량이 높게 나온 추출방법은 오미자를 분말형태로 26oC 에서 24시간 침출하거나 100oC 에서 5분 이상 열수 추출했을 때 유의적 차이가 없이 높게 나왔으나(p > 0.05) 오미자를 고온 열수 추출 시 떫은맛과 신맛이 강해지므로 따라서 오미자의 물 추출의 경우 분말상태로 24시간 이상 침출하는 것이 오미자의 생리활성 물질인 schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N을 좀 더 효율적으로 추출하고 기호적인 면도 고려할 수 있는 음용법 이었다. 차를 마시는 기능성을 고려하여 향후 오미자뿐 아니라 가정에서 차로 많이 사용하고 있는 다양한 약용식물의 생리활성 물질에 특성에 따른 물 추출물에 대한 효율적인 추출법등의 연구 가 이루어져 할 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of congruency of parent brand image with self-image, perceived risk, and product knowledge on the attitude towards extended product in fashion brand extension. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 170 female college students and collected data were subjected to descriptive analysis and regression analysis using SPSS Window program. The results of this study showed that the congruency of parent brand image with self-image and perceived risk had a positive effect on attitude towards extended product, whereas product knowledge had a negative effect on attitude towards extended product in fashion brand extension. Also, the congruency of parent brand image with self-image had a positive effect on the attitude towards extended product in fashion brand extension with positive moderating effect of perceived risk and negative mediating effect of product knowledge.

This research was designed to conduct research to apprehend fashion brand's mobile SNS characteristics in depth and the related consumer psychology and behaviors such as brand attachment and brand loyalty. The fashion brand's mobile SNS characteristics were differentiated from the web-based fashion brand's SNS. This study targeted women in their 20s using mobile Facebook and mobile Twitter, and residing in Seoul or Gyeonggi province. Total 412 observations were collected through online survey. The major findings of the study were as follows. First, as the characteristics of fashion brand's mobile SNS, ease of fashion data storage, fashion recentness, fashion usefulness, and fashion accessibility were extracted. As the factors of the flow, time distortion/focused attention and playfulness were extracted. Second, the fashion recentness and fashion usefulness showed positive influence to time distortion/focused attention factor in the flow. All four fashion brand's mobile SNS characteristics showed positive influence to playfulness factor in the flow. Third, time distortion/focused attention factor and playfulness factor both showed positive influence to brand attachment and brand loyalty from using fashion brand's mobile SNS. Fourth, brand attachment had positive influence to brand loyalty from using fashion brand's mobile SNS. Based on the above results, this study provided practical ways to develop effective mobile SNS marketing strategies in fashion brand. Also, this study demonstrated feasible future contents and necessary improvement for fashion brand's mobile SNS, which holds marketing implications.

The objective of this study was to take a closer look at the clothing benefits sought by breast cancer survivors in Korea. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted, using the focus group interview. Data was collected from members of online breast cancer forum. 18 participants were breast cancer survivors who had mastectomy or lumpectomy in their 30s~50s. The data was analyzed using content analysis in order to identify significant themes. The analysis indicated that benefits were sought after functional/comfort, health, feminity, and compensation were found. First, breast cancer survivors considered functional/comfort to be most important benefit so as to keep the body comfortable from the weather. Second, participants put the healthy body as the first priority and chose a well-being lifestyle and were likely to wear clothes made in healthy fabric, such as organic, bamboo or charcoal. Also, they preferred to look active by wearing sport brands or outdoorwear brands. Third, after the surgery, they experienced the sense of femininity loss and the sense of crisis as a woman. Single women and married women in early 30s recognized more seriously, and they tried to recover feminity by wearing clothes with feminine details. Forth, breast cancer survivor consumers tended to shop for the psychological compensation. In summary, consumers with breast cancer surgery, unlike general healthy women, did not sought to be economic, fashion, self-expression benefits, rather they sought health, femininity, and compensation benefits. Therefore, it seems necessary to develop proper products and marketing strategy to meet the said consumer's special needs.

본 연구에서는 항로표지 시뮬레이터에서 구축된 항로표지 데이터베이스를 쉽게 관리하고 활용할 수 있는 방안과 항로표지 배치에 대한 의사결정을 지원하기 위한 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 시나리오와 같은 계층 구조와 이력카드, 상태 부여 등을 통해 항로표지 데이터베이스를 관리하는 방안을 검토하고 항로표지 배치안에 대하여 시각적, 청각적, 정량적인 검증을 할 수 있도록 돕는 항로표지 운용 소프트웨어를 구현함으로써 본 연구의 목적을 달성한다. 항로표지 운용 소프트웨어는 항로표지 신설, 이설 등과 같이 자유로운 제어뿐만 아니라 조건 검색, 가상운항 및 정량 평가 결과 전시 등의 다양한 기능을 통해 항로표지 배치계획에 대한 의사결정을 돕는다. 이를 활용하여 여러 설계안에 대해 선박이나 선원에게 미칠 수 있는 영향을 예측하거나 설계안의 효율성 및 적절성 여부를 판단하는데 도움을 주고, 수월해진 검증 방법을 통해 더 다양한 설계안을 비교할 수 있기 때문에 항로표지 설계 및 배치 계획 시에 발생 할 수 있는 실패비용과 항로표지 관리비용을 감소시킬 것으로 기대된다.

This study aimed to identify the effects of sports participation motives, the involvement in choosing sportswear, and the satisfaction with/perceived importance of sportswear functionality, on customers' repurchase intentions. A total of 185 survey questionnaires were analyzed after surveying 200 female undergraduates in their 20s. The research results are as follows. First, the participation motives for sports were categorized as follows. A factor analysis conducted on 13 questions yielded 4 factors. Factor 1 included consideration about socializing and pleasure, factor 2 privileged ostentation, factor 3 was concerned with enhancing health, and factor 4 was about maintaining appearance. Second, the various effects of different sports participation motives, of the satisfaction with functionality, and of the involvement in buying sportswear on customers' repurchase intentions were analyzed. The intention to repurchase sportswear was considered as a dependent variable, while the motives for participating in sports, the satisfaction with functionality, and the level of involvement were treated as independent variables. A multiple regression analysis using these variables showed that the satisfaction with functionality and involvement in choosing sportswear had a significant impact on the intention to repurchase sportswear. Third, looking at how different participation motives for sports affected the importance of sportswear functionality, the motives related to socializing and pleasure and ostentation, the sub-factors in sports participation motives, significantly increased the importance of comfort. Motives related to enhancing health and maintaining appearance, on the other hand, were found to affect the importance of sports performance. Fourth, a MANOVA was performed to examine the difference in the importance of functionality between those consumers highly involved in sportswear-buying and those less involved. Those with a high level of involvement were found to prioritize sports performance over comfort. Those with a low level of involvement were shown to place a greater emphasis on comfort.

경기만에서 분리된 Skeletonema marinoi-dohrnii complex의 생장률을 구하기 위하여 영양염이 제한되지 않는 조건 하에서 무균 회분배양으로 넓은 범위의 광조건(5~500 μmol m-2s-1)과 수온(2~35􀆆C)에 걸쳐 실험하였다. 실험결과로부터 온도와 광이 각각 26.1􀆆C, 197 μmol m-2 s-1인 최적조건에서 이 종의 최대 μmax는 2.48 d-1을 보였다. 또한 실제 해역에서 Skeletonema 종들의 온도에 따른 자원경쟁을 고려할 때 5~15℃에서 S. marinoi-dohrnii complex의 상대적으로 높은 생장률 (0.79~1.61 d-1)은 늦겨울에서 봄철에 대증식을 일으킬 수 있음을 시사한다. 이 결과는 해양생태계 모델의 정확성과 실재성을 개선하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

This study investigated the effects of reducing the number of options in multiple-choice items on the psychometric characteristics of the English section of the NAEA (National Assessment of Educational Achievement). The purpose of the NAEA is to measure educational progress and achievement and it is administered to all sixth, ninth, and eleventh grade Korean students annually. The English section for the ninth graders is the focus of this study; it is made up of thirty-four five-option multiple-choice items and six constructed-response items. A five-option, multiple-choice English test was converted to a four- and a three-option version by eliminating the least and the second least frequently chosen options. Item difficulty, item discrimination, guessing, reliability, and information function were computed as a function of the number of options. This study employed the 3-parameter IRT model. Results showed that there were no significant differences among the three means of item difficulty as well as item discrimination indices; however, the inspection of the test information function indicated that the five-option version generally yielded the highest amount of test information function over the ability scale. Results indicate that streamlined three- or four-option versions are not likely to function as well as the five-option version at the test level.

헤미셀룰레이즈를 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.015%, 0.020%를 첨가한 자색고구마 제조한 식빵의 품질 특성과 관능검사를 실시하였다. 반죽의 pH와 총 산도는 시료들 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 발효 시간에 따른 발효 팽창력은 발효시간이 길어질수록 유의적으로 증가하였고(p<0.05), 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가량에 따른 발효 팽창력은 45분과 60분에서는 헤미셀룰레이즈 0.015% 첨가군이 가장 높았으며, 대조군이 가장 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 식빵의 pH는 대조군보다 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 유의적인 차이가 없었으며(p<0.05), 총 산도는 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 대조군보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 비용적과 굽기 손실률은 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 대조군보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 수분 함량은 시료들 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 명도는 대조군보다 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 유의적으로 낮았고(p<0.05), 적색도는 0.005% 첨가군을 제외하고, 대조군보다 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 황색도는 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 대조군보다 다소 높았다(p<0.05). 견고성과 부서짐성은 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였으며(p<0.05), 복원성은 0.005% 첨가군을 제외하고, 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 대조군보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 소비자 기호도 검사는 색과 부드러움은 실험군들 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았고(p<0.05), 향미는 헤미셀룰레이즈 첨가군들이 대조군보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 종합적인 기호도는 헤미셀룰레이즈 0.010% 첨가군이 5.67로 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 이상의 실험에서 헤미셀룰레이즈 0.010% 첨가가 자색고구마 식빵의 부피를 개선하는데 최적 첨가량으로 확인되었다.

This study was an experimental qualitative study on the characteristics of fashion brand's mobile SNS. The study was focused on mobile Facebook and identified the characteristics of fashion brand's mobile SNS. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 people in the 20s, who have used fashion brand's mobile Facebook application and currently live in Seoul or Gyeonggi province. After analysis of the in-depth interview data, four characteristics of fashion brand's mobile SNS were identified as follows. First, it was possible to access fashion brand's mobile SNS at any time anywhere, if users needed brand-related information. In this study, this characteristic was named 'fashion accessibility'. Second, it was possible to access update-information using fashion brand's mobile SNS or get up-to-date information about the brand in real-time. In this study, this characteristic was named 'fashion recentness'. Third, it was possible to store or capture fashion brand-related images and texts. In this study, this characteristic was named 'ease of storage of fashion data'. Fourth, fashion brand's mobile SNS was useful in various ways to fashion consumers, so this characteristic was named 'fashion usefulness' in this study. The study extracted 10 sub-characteristics of the characteristics of fashion brand's mobile SNS based on the results of a qualitative study. This study has significant value which suggests directions for future research. Also, this paper is expected to provide managerial implications to fashion companies that need to develop mobile SNS marketing strategies.

This study investigates the difference between popular genre of mobile games and that of online games, and also the impact of affiliation with social network platform on the market performance. The results show that three genres such as action, puzzle, and RPG occupy a higher market share than the other genres. The structure of the mobile game market is more competitive than that of the online game market but game applications developed by top four developers - CJ E&M, NHN, com2us, WeMade - have been holding high ranks for months. It implies that the structure of the mobile game market is gradually becoming more concentrated. As the market competition increases, the marketing cost for acquiring recognition and the commission fee paying for platform have been increasing accordingly. Consequently, mobile game developers are encouraged to enhance the quality of their games as well as to devise diverse platform-marketing strategies in order to accomplish stable market performance.

본 연구는 Y 정수장의 세라믹 정밀여과막 공정을 위한 최적의 약품세척 조건을 도출하고자 수행되었다. 세라믹 막 공정의 전처리로 오존과 응집공정이 있는 A계열의 경우 응집공정만 있는 B계열에 비해 9배 정도 잦은 약품세척(CIP)를 실시하였다. 이는 전처리 공정의 차이로 인하여 A와 B계열의 막오염현상이 다르게 나타난 근본적인 원인 이외에 막제조업체가 제시한 CIP 방법이 부적절한 것으로 조사되었다. 즉, CIP 회복률이 보정여과유속이 아니라 보정차압을 기준으로 계산되어 과대평가되었을 뿐만 아니라 구연산이 철산화물에 의한 파울링을 효과적으로 제거하지 못했기 때문이었다. 따라서 1단계 산세척 약품종류를 달리하여 CIP 효율을 평가한 결과 황산(0.1 N)과 구연산(1%)를 혼합하여 사용한 경우 회복률이 가장 높았고, 황산(0.1 N)만을 사용한 경우 회복률이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 황산의 농도를 0.3 N로 높인 결과 산세척 효율은 증가하였으나 알칼리세척 회복률이 낮아져 총회복률은 0.1 N 황산을 사용한 것과 유사하였다. 산과 알칼리세척 순서를 바꿔서 CIP를 수행한 결과 산세척을 먼저 수행시 CIP 효율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다.