Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea for decades, the trade relations between the two countries have been developing towards a positive trend. Especially in recent years, for South Korea, China has become its largest trading partner, largest source of imports, and largest export destination. In contrast, for China, South Korea has also become an extremely important trading partner of China on a global scale. It can be seen that the development of China-South Korea economic and trade cooperation is an indispensable key force in the foreign trade of China and South Korea. In view of this, this article focuses on China-Korea economic and trade cooperation, discusses the development practice of China-Korea economic and trade cooperation, analyzes the opportunities and challenges in detail based on the current situation, and puts forward some countermeasures for reference only.