It is well established that halogenated fullerene derivatives act as synthetic intermediates for further substitution viareplacement with nucleophlies. In the present work, systematic studies were carried out on the synthesis of bromofullerenesunder different experimental conditions. The effect of reaction time on the product formed was observed. We observed theformation of new compound of bromofullerenes in a different stoichiometric ratio i.e., C60Br14; in addition to previousreported bromofullerenes in the stoichiometric ratio of C60Br6, C60Br8, and C60Br24. The new derivative of bromofullerene wasisolated and well characterized by various analytical techniques like FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and elemental analysis. In this paper,detail of the synthesis and characterization of the bromofullerene prepared are described. The yields obtained were better thanthose reported previously.

Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) has been proven to be an excellent material for many industrial applications. A systematic study has been carried out of the kinetics of physical as well as chemical activation of phenolic resin chars. Physical activation was carried out using CO2 and chemical activation using KOH as activating agent. There are number of factors which influence the rate of activation. The activation temperature and residence time at HTT varied in the range 550~1000℃ and ½~8 hrs respectively. Kinetic studies show that the rate of chemical activation is 10 times faster than physical activation even at much lower temperature. Above study show that the chemical activation process is suitable to prepare granular activated carbon with very high surface area i.e. 2895 m2/g in short duration of time i.e. 1 to 2 hrs at lower temperature i.e. 750℃ from phenolic resins.

In polymer precursor based activated carbon, the structure of starting material is likely to have profound effect on the surface properties of end product. To investigate this aspect phenolic resins of different types were prepared using phenol, mcresol and formaldehyde as reactants and Et3N and NH4OH as catalyst. Out of these resins two resol resins PFR1 and CFR1 (prepared in excess of formaldehyde using Et3N as catalyst in the basic pH range) were used as raw materials for the preparation of activated carbons by both chemical and physical activation methods. In chemical activation process both the resins gave activated carbons with high surface areas i.e. 2384 and 2895 m2/g, but pore size distribution in PFR1 resin calculated from Horvath-Kawazoe method, contributes mainly in micropore range i.e. 84.1~88.7 volume percent of pores was covered by micropores. Whereas CFR1 resin when activated with KOH for 2h time, a considerable amount (32.8%) of mesopores was introduced in activated carbon prepared. Physical activation with CO2 leads to the formation of activated carbon with a wide range of surface area (503~1119 m2/g) with both of these resins. The maximum pore volume percentage was obtained in 3-20 a region by physical activation method.