A method for plant regeneration via organogenesis from Pelagonium inquinans leaf disc has been developed. Mature leaf explants were collected from field-grown plants and used for the induction of adventitious shoot regeneration on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose plus plant growth regulators. Maximum shoot organogenesis, with 11.8±1.5 shoots (98.6%) per leaf disc, was obtained with 2 mg/l N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg/l α-naphthyleneacetic acid (NAA) in 30 days. For rooting, the in vitro proliferated and elongated shoots were excised into 1.5-2 cm in length microcutting, which were plated individually on an half-strength MS (1/2MS) medium supplemented with 2% (w/v) sucrose plus various concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Shoots rooted with a frequency of 100% following culture on 1/2MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l IBA.

An efficient plant regeneration of C. asiatica was achieved from organogenesis using petiole explants of in vitro plantlet on MS basal medium controled with different plant growth regulators (NAA,2,4-D, IAA kinetin, and BA). Best results that 50%, efficiency of regeneration per explant for regeneration were obtained with IAA 17.13 μM and BA 8.9 μM. Formation of adventitious shoots via organogenesis from the petiole explant was verified by histological sectioning of plantlets. Regenerated plants were transplanted into soil.

The elite rice cultivar, Suweon365, shows high level of leaf blast resistance. The number and chromosomal locations of genes conferring the resistance were detected by linkage analysis using DNA markers in the RILs from the cross between Suweon365 and Chu

Genetic diversity of 94 japonica rice was assessed using 81 simple sequence repeat (SSR). All 81 SSR markers generated a total of 351 alleles. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 16 with a mean of 4.3 alleles per SSR marker. Six of 81 SSR markers showe

In order to measure an antifreezing tolerance, antifreeze proteins accumulated upon cold acclimation in apoplast were analyzed. As Dongborilho were cold-acclimated for 3 to 74 days there was an abrupt increase in apoplastic proteins up to 30 days and then decrease to the similar levels. Among the known antifreeze proteins, CLP produced in E. coli. and TLP purified from apoplast were used to generate antisera that allow to measure and localize the proteins in leaves of barley. The CLP of 27.7 kDa and TLPs of 6, 26, 27, 30, and 31 kDa were increased in their amounts in apoplast as cold treatment being longer. There was a correlation among the amounts of those proteins accumulated in apoplast and freezing tolerance as shown in field and ion leakage tests for five cultivars. The deposit of CLP was localized in the marginal area and the area adjacent to leaf vescular bundle cells in an increasing manner according to duration of cold acclimation but no variation was observed in terms of it's distribution. Based on the close correlation between levels of antifreeze proteins and degrees of freezing tolerance, the immunological methods was to develop to estimate a freezing tolerance in barley

A protocol is described for rapid multiplication of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC. (Rutaceae), an important aromatic and medicinal plant, through shoot-tip explant cultures. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of N-6-benzyladenine (BA), N-6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and thidiazuron (TDZ), in single or in combination with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), was used to determine the rate of shoot proliferation. N-6-benzyladenine (BA) used at 0.5mg/l, was the most effective in initiating multiple shoot proliferation at the rate of 23 microshoots per shoot-tip explants after 40 days of culture. Shoot multiplication increased 1.2-fold in each successive subculture. Induction of rooting (98%) was achieved by transferring the shoots to the same basal medium containing 2 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Plantlets went through a hardening phase in a controlled growth chamber, prior to in vivo transfer. These results represented that possible application for the mass production of plantlets through in vitro culture system of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.

The effects of basal media, carbon, nitrogen, phosphate and some major macro elements on growth and shikonin production in Lithospermum erythrorhizon hairy root culture were studied. Among examined media, growth of hairy root cultured in B5 liquid medium was rapid, whereas shikonin production was high in MS liquid medium. Under B5 basal medium, sucrose concentration for optimal growth and shikonin production was 9% and 4% respectively. The growth and shikonin production on pH changes in B5 medium resulted little effect in pH 5.8 to pH 8.8 ranges, whereas growth was decreased dramatically in both above 8.8 and under 5.8. Nitrogen source and concentration effected on the growth and shikonin production. The highest growth rate was in B5 medium (50 mM KNO3 and 1 mM NaH2PO4), whereas the highest shikonin production was in the condition supplemented with 5 mM KNO3 and 10 mM NaH2PO4.

Resistance genes to the blast pathogen (Pyricularia grisea Sacc.) were mapped using a recombinant inbred population consisting of 231 lines derived from a cross between the japonica parents, ‘Suwon365’ and Chucheongbyeo. Phenotypic analysis showed that Su

This study was conducted to investigate the β-glucan contents and their characteristics of winter cereals according to particle sizes and milling recoveries. Sieved fractions differed in their average contents of β-glucans, and the coarse fraction had higher contents of β-glucan than finely milled fractions. In all winter cereals, the β-glucan contents of raw flours were higher than those of their brans, and the highest β-glucan contents of every cereals were observed at 100 mesh 〉 or 100-140 mesh fractions except the Chalssalbori fractions which showed the higest β-glucan contents (12.9%) at 140-200 mesh fraction. As compared with the β-glucan content of Chalbori among the various milling recoveries, the β-glucan was distributed more evenly throughout the endosperm but β-glucan content in bran of Chalbori was only 1.5%. However, β-glucan content of Chalssalbori (hull-less waxy barley) was the highest in the subaleurone region (8.2%) and declined slightly toward inner layers of grain. This results suggest that β-glucan distribution between high (Chalbori) and low β-glucan barley (Chalssalbori) may explain the difference in milling performance of barley. On the other hand, β-glucan contents of two rye varieties (Chilbohomil, Chunchoohomil) were lower than those of two waxy barley varieties, and the higest β-glucan contents were observed at the 60% milling recoveries. In all winter cereals, the L-values (lightness) of raw flours were higher than those of brans. And the L-values of barley varieties were higher than those of oat and rye varieties. As the particle sizes and milling recovery ratios were decreased, the L-value were increased. The a-values (redness) in brans of every winter cereals were higher than those of every particle size flours and every milling ratio fractions, and this tendency was observed in the b-values (yellowness) of every particle size of cereal flours. The L and b-value of barley, the b-value of oat, and L, a, b-value of rye have the significant relationship with the β-glucan contents, respectively. This results represent the fact that β-glucans affected the color of the flours and pounded grains of winter cereals.